以選擇進入模式觀點看分化型創業

Entrepreneurial Spin-off Entry: The Perspective of Mode Choice

本研究以理論與文獻的邏輯探討為何創業者選擇以創新事業的方式作為組織的模式。本論文提出在何種狀況之下，原本受僱的員工將可能會選擇以分化出另一創新事業。本研究論述，分化型創業，其實就是一種在考量創新、不確定性，及機會之下一種有效率的組織模式的選擇。根據K. H. Knight、J. A. Schumpeter 及I. M. Kirzner等創業理論經典著作之脈絡，本研究以創新、不確定性，及機會的角度來探討對員工選擇分化型創業的組織模式；另外，除了先前工作的經驗之外，社會資本也是支持個人在進行分化型創業時的考量因素。在以下三種狀況下，分化型創業最有可能發生：一、當創業者會選擇去極大化其所處團隊的專屬知識；二、當創業者願意去完全承擔其對於因其天賦可能創造的未來財富的樂觀期待（即使是以不確定性存在）；三、當創業者因瞭解資訊流動與知識創造而想要充分掌握現任公司職務之外的可能市場機會，而此三者可能存在交互影響的效果。另外，當創業者擁有社會資本作為支持而透過自有的社會網絡得以實現時，更能促使分化型創業付諸行動。本研究以組織模式的選擇解釋分化型創業為主要理論貢獻。

This theoretical study inquires why entrepreneurs choose to create a new venture as a mode of organizing. This study consider entrepreneurial spin-off as a new venture creation by an employed individual. We argue that an entrepreneurial spin-off is an efficient mode choice, regarding innovation, uncertainty, and opportunity. Based on the major entrepreneurship theoretical foundations of K. H. Knight, J. A. Schumpeter, and I. M. Kirzner, we propose that innovation, uncertainty, and opportunity motivate an employed individual chooses an entrepreneurial spin-off. Beyond the prior company experience, we further propose that social capital facilitates the decision taking into action when the individual to proceed an entrepreneurial spin-off. An entrepreneurial spin-off tends to occur when an entrepreneur chooses to maximize team production output with one's specific know-how, to fully bear uncertainty for his or her optimistic judgment of future fortunes based on one's talent, to utilize opportunities beyond the current company's businesses based on information flow and knowledge creation, and these interactive effects might exist. Furthermore, the entrepreneurial spin-off is facilitated when social capital resources support. This study makes theoretical contributions of explaining entrepreneurial spin-off decision with a new venture organizing mode of choice.