彰化仁愛實驗學校高職部學生體適能現況之調查研究

A Study of Physical Fitness Condition among High School Students in National Jenai School for Physically Handicapped

本研究旨在瞭解彰化仁愛實驗學校高職部學生的健康體適能狀況及影響體適能可能因素相關議題。研究者以國立台灣師範大學體育研究與發展中心主編之「特殊教育教學評量手冊」，對該校高職部全體學生194位進行檢測，進而分析其體適能表現狀況。研究結果如下：一、學生體適能現況整體而言，該校學生之BMI指數男生較女生高，然大多數均屬「正常」範圍而在心肺耐力、柔軟度、肌力／肌耐力方面，大致有下列結果：1、依性別：男生的表現較女生為佳。2、依年齡：以19－21歲青年組表現較優。3、依住宿與通勤：住宿生的成績表現優於通勤生。4、依伴隨智障與否：非智障者的成績表現優於伴隨智能障礙者。5、依就學經驗：有過融合學習經驗者比完全在隔離環境就讀者表現得好。6、依殘障組別：小兒麻痺組的表現較腦性麻痺以及其他類組為佳。相關分析方面，身體組成、心肺耐力、肌力／肌耐力，以及柔軟度皆與體適能總成績達顯著相關。多元迴歸分析顯示，男女生之各項體適能總測驗成績皆能預測其總成績，而其中以心肺耐力與柔軟度兩項的成績對於體適能總成績的影響力最大。二、影響體適能可能因素根據體適能現況的調查資料加以彙整歸納影響該校學生體適能的可能因素，大致有性別、年齡、智能狀況、肢體狀況、生活型態、飲食習慣、運動習慣。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the physical fitness condition and its related issues of high school students in National Jenai School For Physically Handicapped in Taiwan. A physical fitness test consisted of the test of body composition, cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength/endurance, and flexibility was delivered to understand the overall body fitness condition of all subjects (N=194). The results were as follows:1. The physical fitness condition of the students(1) In body composition, most students appeared to be in the normal range, however more male students (42%) appeared to have lighter weight. In terms of the results of cardiorespiratory endurance, muscular strength/endurance, and flexibility, male students performed better than female students.(2) Comparing with different age, the students at the age of 19-21 appeared to have the best physical fitness condition among all students.(3) Students lives in dormitory had better scores than those who commute daily.(4) Non-retarded students performed better than students with mental retardation.(5) Students who had more inclusive education experience got better grades than students who spent most of time in isolated learning environment.(6) Students with poliomyelitis showed higher scores than students with other handicapping condition.2. Further analytic results(1) All four tests of physical fitness conducted in this study resulted in a significant relationship with the total fitness scores.(2) All four tests of physical fitness conducted in this study can served as valid predicators for the overall physical fitness condition of the subjects, among all the elements, the testing results of cardiorespiratory endurance was found to be the best predictors.