台灣省國高中弱視學生騎機車及自行車能力及態度調查研究

The Investigation of Abilities and Attitudes Regarding Riding Bicycles and Motorcycles by Teenagers with Low Vision in Taiwan

本研究探討臺灣省國高中弱視學生在騎腳踏車及機車的能力及騎腳踏車及機車的態度的一般情形，並探討弱視學生背景變項（性別、就學階段、教育安置型態、居住社區、視野限制、獨自走路能力、視障發生年齡、及視力狀況）和使用上述交通工具（另外加上汽車）的能力及態度的關係。此外，弱視學生的父母與師長對騎腳踏車與機車的態度亦在討論範圍。研究對象為臺灣省普通國高中及兩所視障特殊學校的弱視學生，以自編的「個人騎腳踏車及機車能力及態度問卷」為工具，郵寄所有的研究對象，得280份有效問卷，回收率達62.08％。資料分析則以次數百分比、卡方分配、及t考驗法處理、得下列主要發現：一、79.9％弱視學生自認為有足夠視力騎腳踏車；76.1％曾騎腳踏車到處玩；因為騎腳踏車受傷有46.3％；不會騎腳踏車的原因，以自認視力有問題比例最高（33.6％）。二、57.9％的學生認為有足夠的視力騎機車；32.5％曾騎過機車；12人（10.6％）曾因騎機車而受傷；不會騎機車的原因，以未滿18歲（23.3％）比例最高，其次為父母反對（17.4％）及沒有人教（17.2％）。三、學生背景變項部分：（一）男生比女生表現較佳的能力與自信；（二）高中騎過機車人數超過國中生；（三）就讀啟明學校與普通學校的弱視生在自認有能力開汽車及曾騎腳踏車方面有差異；（四）獨自行走能力變項與多項騎機車及腳踏車能力有正向關係；（五）視障發生年齡和使用交通工具能力無差異；（六）視力較佳組（0.1以上）比視力較差組在多項能力與態度上有差異，如騎腳踏車及騎過機車，及自認有能力開車。四、父母與師長一般均贊成弱視生騎腳踏車；比較反對騎機車。師長比父母表現更保守的態度在機車的使用方面。茲根據研究結果，提出對各視障教育相關人員、法令制度、及未來研究的建議，以供參考。

The purpose of this study was to investigate abilities and attitudes regarding riding bicycles and motorcycles by low vision teenagers in Taiwan. The relationship between low vision teenagers' riding abilities and their demographic variables(gender, grade level, educational placement, onset of visual impairment, home community, vision status, ability to walk, and restriction of visual field) was also analyzed. Finally, attitudes of parents and teachers toward these low vision teenagers' riding bicycles and motorcycles were investigated. A questionnaire was sent to all 463 participants from Taiwan Provincial high school and junior high students with low vision, including two schools for the blind. 280 respondents were obtained with an adjusted returning rate of 62.08%. The major findings of this study were: (1) 78% respondents perceived themselves as bicycle riders and 57.9% as motorcycles riders; (2)76% respondents ever ride a bicycle and 32.5% already ride a motorcycle; (3) a positive relationship was found between gender, vision status and teenagers' riding abilities of bicycles and motorcycles;(4) low vision teenagers' parents and teachers agreed their riding bicycles while disagreed their riding motorcycles and a different opinion also was found between opinions of parents and teachers regarding riding a motorcycle. Recommendations were presented concerning the implications of these findings for future research, teaching practice, and legislation change.