從「依」、「據」與「依據」談華語近義詞教學

Near Synonyms in Teaching Chinese as Second Language: A Case study to “yī”, “jù”, and “yījù”

本文以平衡語料庫（Sinica Corpus）的語料為語料來源，並採用中央研究院中文詞彙網路（Chinese WordNet）的詞義區分為語意分析原則，來分析漢語近義詞「依」、「據」及「依據」的語意特徵及句法分佈，分析結果顯示：「依」、「據」、「依據」三者雖然有近義關係，但是各自典型搭配有所不同。分析結果提供了以詞頻為主的教學方式，從高頻詞到低頻詞（「依」>「據」>「依據」），從高頻義項到低頻義項，循序漸進的教學將有助於以華語為第二外語的學習者有效學習「依」、「據」及「依據」三個近義詞的使用方式。

In this paper we investigate the distributional differences in semantic and syntactic patterns of Chinese near-synonyms “依(yī)”, “據(jù)” , and “依據(yījù)” based on the data from “Academia Sinica Balanced Corpus of Modern Mandarin Chinese” (Sinica Corpus) and the sense distinction of Chinese WordNet. It has been observed that “依(yī)”, “據(jù)” , and “依據(yījù)” are near-synonyms , but they have different syntactic distributions or collocations. Our analysis provides frequency-based teaching ordering, from high frequency(依) to low frequency(依據), from high sense frequency to low sense frequency, which will help Chinese second language learners to distinguish these three near-synonyms with efficiency