儒家婚禮之重構與現今中國青年文化：援引經典以回應棘手問題的案例

Remodeling Confucian Wedding Rituals to Address China's Youth Culture Today: A Case of Using the Classics to Respond to Recalcitrant Problems

鑑於文化大革命與西方個人主義的負面影響，為回應社會及文化問題，兩位中國知識分子分別根據儒家經典以設計結婚儀式，意欲藉由恢復古禮，達成個人、家庭、社會、國家的更新。華東師範大學出版社的社長朱杰人，其子於二○○九年十二月五日在上海完婚，儀式仿《朱子家禮》而予以「現代化」。北京大學哲學系教授張祥龍則在二○一○年六月二十日，為其子舉辦了一場更加復古的儒家式婚禮。為適應現況而做出調整的同時，兩人均援引相同的經典段落作為儀式依據，更有甚者，這兩位公共知識分子乃是於社會基層追求改革，與國家式的恢復傳統和強化家庭組織的宣傳大異其趣。除了解釋兩人為何採用儒家式的婚禮之外，本文進而探討為何復古派中的保守分子，對朱家婚禮持批判態度，對張家卻讚賞有加。透過和與會者的訪談，我們瞭解到新人們如何深為傳統儀式感動；因此，朱、張二位都成功地賦予古禮以新生命，並讓參加者領略到傳統美學和價值。

In response to social and cultural problems in the wake of corrosive influences arising from the Cultural Revolution and Western individualism, two intellectuals in China have offered different versions of wedding rituals based upon the Confucian Classics in order to restore ritual as a powerful tool for individual, family, social and national renewal. Zhu Jieren 朱杰人, former director and current CEO of East China Normal University Press, planned a 'modern version' of the wedding ceremony from Zhu Xi's Family Rituals (朱子 家禮) for his son's ceremony in Shanghai on December 5, 2009. Zhang Xianglong 張祥龍, a philosophy professor at Peking University in Beijing, orchestrated a more antique Confucian wedding for his son in Beijing on June 20, 2010. Both made some accommodations to modern realities and used the same core quotations from the ancient ritual classics; moreover, both public intellectuals are pursuing reform from the grassroots of society and thus differ significantly from the state's approaches to reviving tradition and strengthening the Chinese family. In addition to explaining why each intellectual undertook his Confucian wedding project, we will explore why conservative proponents of 'restoring antiquity' have criticized the Zhu wedding and lauded the Zhang wedding. Our interviews with participants reveal how profoundly moved the young couples were by the traditional ceremonies; thus, both Zhu and Zhang succeeded in giving new life to classical rites and leading participants to reconnect to traditional aesthetics and values.