美術館展示空間之牆面色彩設計研究

A Study on the Design Principles for Appropriate Wall Colors in Museum Art Exhibitions

過去美術館對於展示牆面色彩的要求，僅是扮演好配角的工作，最好選擇一個不會引起注意且單調的色彩，讓觀眾的目光可以聚焦在藝術展品上。然而，近年來許多美術館藉由整修的機會，開始思考並嘗試新的色彩搭配，同時賦予展示牆面色彩一個積極的使命，不論是去陳述藝術品的歷史脈絡、彰顯畫作的色彩、或營造一個特定的氛圍，且在不搶鋒芒的前提下，突顯藝術品的精采，並提供更好的參觀經驗。本研究藉由六位美國美術館專業策展人／展覽設計師的採訪及相關美術館的文件資料分析，以了解美術館展示牆色彩選擇的流程，並深入分析美術館對於展示牆色彩設計的原則。研究發現美術館在進行牆面色彩規劃時，策展團隊將以展覽的概念與訴求出發，來決定色彩資料蒐集的方向，若展覽的重點在於突顯歷史年代的價值，則會考慮使用特定的歷史色彩、材質、擺設來呈現；若展覽的訴求在於強化藝術品的色彩與氛圍感受，則會從整體藝術品的色彩來思考，或和諧呈現，或對比突顯來優化藝術品的視覺效果並提供優適的參觀氛圍。此外，白色牆面空間雖可提供當代／現代藝術作品一個相當不錯的視覺展示效果，但卻也不再是唯一的規範與選擇，不論是有色或白色展示牆的色彩設計還是需以展覽訴求、藝術品的性質、展場空間的條件及視覺上的感受來作整體考量。

The colors of display walls in art museums were previously undervalued as playing only a supporting role to artwork in an exhibition. Recently, increasing numbers of museums have renovated their galleries and have used a variety of wall colors to enhance the display of artwork to provide visitors with enhanced museum experiences. Through interviews with six U.S. museum curators and exhibition designers, and an analysis of archival data obtained from participating museums, this study attempted to elucidate the working procedure and methods for selecting wall colors for an art exhibition. The research revealed that using historically popular colors, materials, and sets can provide a historical context for artwork. In addition, applying similar tones, contrast, or complementary colors to the background walls can help highlight the colors and styles of artwork. Furthermore, adopting appropriate wall colors can create a unique visual atmosphere in galleries. When combined, these changes can help convey the theme of an exhibition and provide visitors with pleasurable experiences. Although much modern and contemporary art exhibits well when placed on a white wall, such displays are not the only standard for today's museums.