地方性要素對台灣光復後木製家具產業形態的影響

The Influence of Local Factors on Wooden Furniture Industrial form after Taiwan's Retrocession

歸納台灣地方性要素對台灣地區光復後（1946~2001年）家具產業形態的影響，分析的角度是從「自然軸向」、「歷史軸向」、「產業軸向」及「文化軸向」四個主要因素出發，研究發現，產品材料、生產技術及經營理念等三個因子是影響的主要因素，研究的對象是從「台灣區家具同業公會」的會員名錄中，篩選14件家具公司的案例，分別針對上述三個因子對台灣光復後家具產業形態的影響進行探討。 本研究的結論共有下列三點：1.台灣木製家具產品的材料以原木、人造板材及複合材料三種為主，而在追求外銷業績的外銷發展時期以人造板材及複合材料為主，近年來企業轉型為自創品牌而進入成熟時期後，原木材料在使用上也逐漸增多。2.台灣木製家具的生產技術以手工工藝、機械化及電腦化三項為主，案例中機械化及電腦化生產方式的產品以組合式家具、系統家具與辦公家具為主，而堅持傳統手工工藝生產方式的家具產品以自創品牌者為多。3.台灣木製家具的經營理念以備料加工、家具代工及自創品牌三種為主，其中備料加工只出現在台灣家具的萌芽時期，家具代工的模式則是台灣家具業過去數十年來最常用的經營模式，但未來台灣的家具業經營理念應以自創品牌為經營管理的追求目標。

The aim of this study is to discuss the influence of local factors on furniture industrial after Taiwan's retrocession （1946~2001）. The analysis can be divided into four aspects which are natural, historical, industrial and cultural parts to summarize the influence of Taiwan local factors. After studying, we find that there are 3 main factors which are raw materials, manufacture mode and management idea .The 14 furniture companies as research subjects were screened from the list of 'Taiwan Furniture Manufactory Association' （TFMA） and then employed the three aspects respectively to examine the influence. The conclusions of this study are as below. 1. The three kinds of raw material are log, artificial board and composites. During the prosperous time of export, businesses emphasized on quantity and mainly used artificial board and composites. Recently, businesses become mature and transform to establish self-brand, which emphasize on quality. Therefore, the use amount of log has increased significantly. 2. The three types of manufacture mode are handicraft, mechanization and computerization. Based on the analysis of the research cases, we find that the products of mechanized and computerized manufacture are assembly furniture, system furniture and office assembly. However, most manufactories insisting on traditional handicraft establish their own self-brand. 3. The three phases of management idea are stocking materials and manufacture, original equipment manufacture （OEM） and establishing self-brand. Generally, stocking materials and manufacture presented in budding period and OEM was the most common pattern in last four decades. However, in the future, the management idea should be transformed to establishing self-brand and producing high quality products.