建築色彩計畫模糊綜合評估方法之研究

A Study on the Fuzzy Evaluation Method of Colour Scheme for Urban Building

人們對於建築色彩經由視覺感知印象產生各種不同喜好程度，其導源於視覺感知器官受色彩之色相、明度、彩度、光線的干擾而成特殊性意象或錯覺慣性。由於色彩現象，條件的多樣性，變異性和複雜性，因而存在大量的不確定性，不精確性，這種不精確性既具有隨機性，更具有模糊性。建築色彩計畫屬於多準則評估問題，傳統的評估方法無法適切反應建築色彩計畫上許多定性的要求，應用模糊數學的理論與方法將定性描述的模糊概念，模糊識別，模糊評估和模糊決策轉變為數學化、定量化是可行的。本研究根據建築色彩評估審美度指標體系，建立比較符合實際的多層次、多因子的模糊數學模式，從而形成利用模糊集合理論建構的建築色彩多級模糊綜合評估方法，使建築色彩審美度效果綜合評估數學化、定量化、電腦化。為建築色彩計畫決策作出優劣的結論，供建築師設計時參考。

The performance of the colours of building materials evaluation, based on the psychological point of view, is a kind of multiple criteria decision problems. The traditional evaluation method does not incorporate qualitative measurement of psychological reaction. This problem could, however, be overcomed by applying fuzzy multicriteria decision making method. This study tries to establish an evaluation system based on fuzzy Analytical Hierachy Process, which is a multiple criteria decision making approach in a fuzzy environment. The symmetric triangular fuzzy number is used to build the judgement matrices, by means of pair-wise comparison technique. In order to estimate the fuzzy eignvectors of these matrices, the interval arithmetic and α-cuts in conjunction with mean value of the interval are used. In this way, performance scores of the alternatives and the weights of various attributes could be aggregated and compared. Finally, the recommended method is demonstrated by a case study