非侵襲性正壓通氣在重症治療的角色

THE ROLE OF NONINVASIVE POSTIVE PRESSURE VENTILATION IN CRITICAL CARE

非侵襲性正壓通氣的使用歷史已超過十五年，雖不能完全取代侵襲性呼吸器的功能，但近幾年來自於面罩材質的不斷更新，病人使用各式面罩不再視為畏途，才使得非侵襲性正壓通氣被更廣泛的運用於解決急重症呼吸間題，不僅能維護病人身體形象且延長病人生命。本文將討論非侵襲性呼吸器的適用症及禁忌症，並探討如何開始和監測此類呼吸器的使用。若能適當的使用非侵襲性呼吸器，不但可以減少疾病死亡率，且能改善這類患者的呼吸狀況，提高他們生活的品質，並避免侵襲性呼吸器之併發症。

Although noninvasive positive pressure ventilation has been applied for over 15 years, it cannot replace invasive mechanical ventilation completely. The mask material has been modified over the years, and patients can now choose masks that suit them most. Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation is widely considered to be a very effective treatment in critical care now. Not only can it prolong life, it also helps patients to retain self-image. The following discussion includes indications for and contraindications to the use of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation, and techniques for initiation and monitoring. With proper implementation, the use of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation in patients can lead to decreased mortality, better respiratory condition, and improvement in quality of life.