民眾對口腔癌知識、防治態度及預防行為的研究

Factors Associated with Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior of Oral Cancer in General Population

本研究目的在探討民眾對口腔癌知識、防治態度、預防行為及其影響之相關因素。研究方法採橫斷性調查選取居住於彰化縣年滿20歲以上之居民，取得有效樣本206人，研究發現民眾對口腔癌知識的平均答對率為73.9%，民眾對口腔癌的防治態度的平均得分為4.12分（總分5分），顯示民眾對口腔癌的防治態度持正面的態度。民眾對口腔癌的防治行為的平均得分為3.27分（總分4分），顯示民眾對口腔癌的防治行為介於經常執行與完全執行之間。顯著影響民眾對口腔癌知識的因素有年齡及教育程度；影響口腔癌防治態度的因素有是否罹患口腔癌、教育程度以及職業，而影響口腔癌預防行為的因素有性別及教育程度。進一步分析發現口腔癌的知識與防治態度有顯著的正相關，口腔癌的知識與預防行為也有顯著的正相關；另外，口腔癌的防治態度與其預防行為呈正相關。結果顯示影響民眾對口腔癌知識的主要預測因子為「小學以下」，「已婚」可解釋知識總變異量的23.1%，即高學歷及已婚者對口腔癌的認知程度較佳。在預測民眾口腔癌防治態度之最重要影響因素為口腔癌知識，「小於30歲」，「小學以下」，「國中畢業」，「高中職畢業」共可解釋總變異量的27.9%；進一步預測影響民眾口腔癌預防行為之重要因素為性別、口腔癌防治態度以及口腔癌知識，此三個變項共可解釋總變異量的32.3%，表示男性對其口腔癌的預防行為較不積極，民眾的口腔癌防治態度愈正向對其預防行為也會較積極；而民眾對口腔癌知識愈了解對其預防行為也會較積極。期望經由本研究結果，提出討論及建議，提供政府做相關健康決策及口腔癌防治計畫參考。

The purpose of this study was to explore knowledge, attitude, and behavior of oral cancer and its related factors among the population. A cross-sectional method was used and 206 residents of Changhua people over age 20 were recruited. The results showed the rate of oral cancer knowledge was 73.9%, and the average score of attitude toward oral cancer was 4.12(full score is 5); it indicated people had a positive attitude toward oral cancer prevention. The average score of prevention behavior was 3.27(full score is 4); it showed that behavior was between totally caring out and often carrying out. The significant factors effecting knowledge were age and education level, the significant factors affecting attitude were if having oral cancer, education level and occupation, and the significant factors affecting behavior were sex and education level. There was a significant positive relationship between knowledge and attitude, and there was a significant positive relationship between knowledge and behavior as well as a significant positive relationship between attitude and behavior. The results showed that the main predict factors of oral cancer knowledge were “illiterate or primary school education level” and “marriage status”. It explained 23.1% of total variance. It showed the people with higher education level and thatwere married had better oral cancer knowledge. The main predict factors of the preventing attitude were knowledge, “less than 30 years old”,“illiterate or primary school education level”, “junior high school education level”, or “senior high school education level”, they could predict 27.9% of total variance. Also, the main predict factors of behaviors were sex, attitude and knowledge. It could explain 32.3% of total variance. It showed the males had worse prevention behavior toward oral cancer. People had positive prevention attitude toward oral cancer, they had the better prevention behavior; and also the more oral cancer knowledge, the better their prevention behavior. Hopefully, the result of this study could be a reference for the government when making the health decisions and an oral cancer health plan.