北部某醫學中心護理人員對器官捐贈意願、態度、知識之調查

Willingness, Attitude and Knowledge Regarding Organ Donation for Clinical Nurses in NorthTaiwan

本研究以某教學醫院護理人員為研究對象，採橫斷面設計，分層集體抽樣，以問卷進行調查護理人員對器官捐贈意願、態度、知識及其影響因素。於1999年12月份得有效問卷473份。護理人員願意並已簽署器官捐贈同意卡18.8%；同意簽署家人器官捐贈同意書為39.1%；工作上需要才勸捐最多，佔31.7%。對器官捐贈態度的三個因素為「阻礙器官捐贈原因」、「認同器官捐贈價值」、「不認同器官捐贈價值」；平均得分為3.1、2.3、4.5，持正向的態度。器官捐贈行為之知識，10題中平均答對7.7題。個人器官捐贈意願、簽署家人器官捐贈同意書意願及勸捐意願的影響因素有：勸捐經驗、器官捐贈態度因素一及二；又職級亦會影響護理人員的勸捐意願。器官捐贈態度的影響因素有：勸捐經驗及職級。器官捐贈行為的知識的影響因素有：曾接受器官移植訓練及曾照護過器官移植病患。國內護理人員在簽卡比例仍以猶豫最多，在簽署家人器官捐贈同意書以不作決定居多，因此建議除增加簽卡人數外，應提醒與家人溝通，尊重其決定。在執行器官勸捐方面，以工作上需要才勸捐最多。又器官捐贈意願（個人、家人及勸捐）均與其器官捐贈態度有關，工作職級與勸捐有關，醫院除提升護理人員的器官捐贈態度，可賦予護理人員這方面的職責，甚至誘因，則護理人員的主動勸捐意願將提昇，將有助器官捐贈的推動。

The aim of this study was to investigate willingness, attitude, knowledge toward organ donation among clinical nurses, as well as factors associated with the willingness, attitude, knowledge. A cross-sectional study with stratified random sampling in a medical center of northern Taiwan was used to obtain the sample. A self-filled anonymous questionnaire was used to collect information.In December 1999, 473 valid sample was obtained. In the question of personal willingness of organ donation, 18.8% of the individuals responded that they were willing and had signed an organ donation card. For the question of ”if your family member is dying. will yon sign a document to donate your family member's organs?”, 39.1% answered ”yes”. Regarding to organ procurement. 31.7% of the individuals answered ”yes, for job duty”. Three attitudinal factors was extracted and the mean score were 3.1 for ”obstructing organ donation”, 2.3 for ”assure benefits of organ donation”, 4.5 for ”uncertain benefits of organ donation”. On average, 7.7 out of ten knowledge questions were answered correctly. Attitude of organ donation and experience of procurement were important factors affecting subject's personal willingness of organ donation. decision on donating organs of family members, and procurement, Working position was also an important factor affecting subject's willingness of procurement. Factors affecting attitude of organ donation included: procurement experiment and working position. Factors affecting knowledge of organ donation included: education of relevant program and experience of caring patients with organ transplantation.Hesitation on signing an organ donation card or not making decision on donating her family member's organs showed the highest proportion in the sample, suggesting that letting family members knowing her decision on organ donation is important in organ donation. Increasing the attitude toward organ donation and offering the responsibility or incentive may promote the willingness of organ procurement among nurses.