以FDS模擬電腦機房內抽氣式偵煙探測器系統煙霧試驗之研究

Research of FDS for Smoke Test of Aspirating Smoke Detector System in Computer Room

抽氣式偵煙探測器（Aspirating smoke detector，ASD）系統是目前最常見的極早期探測器之一。本研究以電腦機房內ASD系統之煙霧試驗為研究對象，以計算流體力學為基礎之「火災模擬軟體（Fire Dynamics Simulator，FDS）」，做為煙霧試驗的模擬工具，將模擬結果與全尺寸煙霧試驗數據分析比對、驗證，為電腦機房設計ASD系統之過程提供更多的分析資訊。研究發現FDS模擬結果的反應時間較早，誤差率約在6.2 14.1（%），此一誤差現象，可能會讓使用FDS輔助ASD設計者，偏向樂觀，增加防火安全上的風險。建議使用FDS模擬ASD系統設計時，對於模擬數據之使用需提高其安全係數。

Aspirating smoke detector (ASD) is one of most popular early fire detectors to meet the demand of earlier fire detection prior to traditional smoke detector. The research attempted to use Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS) as a tool to simulate the smoke test of ASD installed in computer room, where the FDS is simulation software based on Computational Fluid Dynamics. A comparison between simulation results and full-scale experimental data was made to evaluate the availability of FDS as tool for ASD design. Research results indicated the importance of experiment rather than simulation. FDS simulation results had earlier response time, the error rate was around 6.2 to 14.1 (%), this error rate may lead ASD designer to be less alert, then increase the risk of fire safety. Increase of safety factor was proposed for ASD system design by using FDS software.