探討城鄉社區設施服務距離之差異研究

The Study of Differences for the Service Distances of Community Facilities between Urban and Rural Areas

社區服務設施所提供之機能的強弱除 由服務項目判定，服務距 之可及性亦是重要因子。過去對於城鄉之間私有服務設施服務距 的差 性鮮有著墨。本研究為探討 同社區 型在設施服務距 之城鄉差 ，先 用德爾菲專家學者問卷，篩選出一般社區在文化教育、運動休閒與生活 上之必要且基本的16個設施項目，再劃分為都市型、郊區型與鄉村型社區三 ，對全 118個社區進 設施服務距 調查，並以統計檢定，分析每個服務項目之服務距 。調查結果發現，位處 同城鄉的三 社區，在公共設施之服務距 上相近，但由私部門所提供之日常購物、餐飲與醫 設施，在服務距 上有顯著差 ，都市型社區約400m，郊區型社區約400 600m，鄉村型社區則為1200 2000m， 字上明顯的是都市型社區優於郊區型社區優於鄉村型社區。本研究著眼於設施服務距 的城鄉差 ，並推出具有城鄉差 的社區服務距 建議值，做為對於目前評估可能存在的城鄉社區規劃與建設較合 、較真實的 考依據。

The strength of community facilities are not only determined by the contents of the services, but also the service distances. Delphi Questionnaire is applied to screen the 16 required items from 3 categories, culture and education, sport and recreation, and convenience of daily life, for Taiwan's communities to facilitate the comparison of urban-rural discrepancy. Utilize the data from the island wide investigation of 118 communities to do the statistical hypothesis test to analyze the service distance for each item. The results show that the distance of the daily convenience services is exclusively 400m, 400~600m and 1200~2000m for urban, sub-urban communities and rural communities. It is obvious that the service distance for urban community is better than suburban and rural one. This study also proposes the recommended values for each service item and those values could be the more reasonable and realistic assessment basis for community planning and construction.