低矮型開口RC牆極限強度與位移簡易評估法之研究

Simplified Assessment of Ultimate Strength and Deflection of RC Squat Wall with Opening

RC牆對於建築物之耐震能力貢獻已被工程界認定，目前許多文獻也發展出實用與準確之未開口RC牆極限強度與位移之計算模型。在我國因空間設計及功能等考量，多數牆體被設置開口以符合使用需求，建築物在耐震過程中開口RC牆常成為主控建築物行為之構件，目前規範僅就未開口RC牆之強度計算做規範，至於開口RC牆對於強度與位移均未提供較明確的估算方法。我國新的耐震設計規範要求將RC牆納入整體耐震計算中，基於此規定，未開口之RC牆可依據規範建議方法或文獻中可行之評估模型計算，然開口RC牆的計算仍有未臻之處。本文研究為補充此部分不足，以統計分析方式推估開口RC牆之強度及位移與開口率的關係，並藉由研究所建立的簡易評估方法，提供工程師於開口RC牆設計分析時的參考。

The contribution of RC walls to the earthquake resistance of building is well recognized. Practical and accurate models of ultimate strength and displacement of RC wall without openings have been developed. In Taiwan, many RC walls were constructed with openings due to the consideration of spatial design or functional needs. Then RC wall with openings often becomes the controlling element of building behavior during earthquake. Recently, the new earthquake resistance specifications require that RC wall be included in the earthquake resistance calculation of structure. At present the strength calculation of the RC wall without openings has been regulated but there is still no definite strength and displacement estimation method available for RC wall with openings. The purpose of this research is to establish the relationship between strength/displacement and the opening ratio of the RC squat wall through statistical methods. A simple method for estimating the strength and displacement of such walls is also proposed.