Trust Law of China and Its Uncertainties: Examination of the Rights and Obligations of Trust and Ownership of Trust Property

中國信託法及其局限：信託權利義務及信託財產所有權問題研究

為基於信託在投資、銀行、金融和財產管理領域的優勢，中國大膽得引進了信託制度。作為英美法系衡平法的產物，信託制度被視為中國法的異類，尤其與一物一權的中國物權體系格格不入。因此，中國引進信託法的道路崎嶇但最終於2001年頒布了中華人民共和國信託法。然而此法迴避了信託財產所有權認定這個基本問題並由此導致了一系列具體法律規定上的漏洞，例如所有權制度模糊和受益人權利不確定。此文在研究中國信託歷史發展和信託產業法律整頓的基礎上，對中華人民共和國信託法相關規定及其主要問題進行分析。

Because of the trust’s advantages in investment, banking, financing and property management, China took the bold step of introducing the trust in 2001. However, as a product of equitable jurisdiction, the trust seemed to be alien to Chinese law, and seemed particularly inconsistent with the Chinese property system. Therefore, China went down a tortuous road upon its introduction of trusts before eventually promulgating the Trust Law of China in 2001. However, the Trust Law of China deliberately leaves open the fundamental question of the introduction of dual ownership of trust property, which results in a number of limitations in the Chinese legislation. For instance, the ambiguous ownership of trust property and the outstanding nature of the beneficiary’s rights all bedevil efforts to analyse Chinese trust law. In this paper, the author first investigates the history of trust in China and Legal Reforms of Chinese Trust Business. Based on this analysis, the following section presents a detailed examination of the Trust Law of China and the limitations of the Chinese trust system. 為基於信託在投資、銀行、金融和財產管理領域的優勢，中國大膽得引進了信託制度。作為英美法系衡平法的產物，信託制度被視為 中國法的異類，尤其與一物一權的中國物權體系格格不入。因此，中國引進信託法的道路崎嶇但最終於2001年頒布了中華人民共和國信託法。然而此法 迴避了信託財產所有權認定這個基本問題並由此導致了一系列具體法律規定上的漏洞，例如所有權制度模糊和受益人權利不確定。此文在研究中國信託 歷史發展和信託產業法律整頓的基礎上，對中華人民共和國信託法相關規定及其主要問題進行分析。