照顧一位初次診斷第1型糖尿病兒童之護理經驗

A Nursing Experience of Caring for a Child with Type 1 Diabetes

本文描述一位初次診斷第1型糖尿病兒童之護理經驗，筆者照護期間自2012年1月28日至2月2日，經由Gordon十一項功能性健康型態模式為評估基礎，歸納以下三個主要護理問題，包括（1）危險性血糖濃度不穩定／與身體健康狀況改變有關；（2）焦慮／因對疾病的不瞭解與失去控制感，（3）主要照顧者角色緊張／對於執行的照顧任務感到困難之護理問題。在疾病的照護過程中發現運用碳化物代換技巧，使得個案及家屬能儘快瞭解影響血糖變化之食物，並於護理過程中藉由傾聽、關懷及協助個案與家屬學習照顧技能，提供疾病資訊及社會資源，以提升自我照護技巧及碳水化合物代換，進而增加血糖的穩定度並延緩合併症的發生。

This article describes a nursefs experience of caring for a child who was newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. The nursing period lasted from January 28 to February 2, 2012. With Gordon's 11 Functional Health Patterns Assessment, three major health problems were identified: critical blood glucose level associated with a change in health condition, anxiety due to a lack of knowledge about the disease, and a loss of self-control combined with the primary caregiver's tensions secondary to care responsibility. The author assisted the child and his family in understanding carbohydrate exchanges in food preparation for patients with diabetes. The author listened attentively and caringly and helped the patient's family learn skills on caring for a patient with type 1 diabetes. The author also offered the patient and family disease information and social resources to promote self-care skills and carbohydrate exchanges for the patient's meal plan, which would allow for stabilized blood glucose level and a slower occurrence of complications.