從孔子儒家思想談護理領導的修煉

Cultivating Nursing Leaders Using the Perspectives of Confucian Philosophy

西方知識理性衝擊醫療環境，護理專業人性關懷本質日漸衰微。護理人員的專業承諾及人文素養影響照護品質，與關懷的展現，需透過人文精神素養，才能根植於照護服務中領導病人及家屬。領導是護理專業發展人性關懷的關鍵所在，領導者的角色與任務，為帶領國隊發揮潛能達成組織目標，其本身的自我覺察及修煉，對護理專業而言顯得格外重要。本文分析歸納孔子儒家思想哲學的義理，進行現代的詮釋與梳理，闡發其在護理領導的意蘊。並藉由其「仁」的核心理念內聖外王、修己安人，及德治理論的領導原則，提出護理領導者在自我修養與外在領導作為的執行策略。期能運用文化價值的優勢，揚長伐劣，以中學為體，西學為用，回歸專業本質，實踐人文藝術於現代護理專業的情境中。

Innovative technologies and an increasing amount of knowledge has negatively impacted on the humane care in the nursing profession. Nurses' commitment to their profession and their quality of humanism influence the quality of care they provide. The quality of humanism must be engrained in professional nursing training, ensuring that nurses can guide their patents and their families toward better care. Nursing leadership plays a key role in the development of humane care in the nursing profession. The role and responsibility of leaders are to lead their healthcare teams toward reaching their potentials and achieving organizational goals. The leaders' sense of self-awareness and self-cultivation appear to be especially important in the nursing profession. This article reviews aspects of Confucian philosophy, specifically humancentered ＂benevolence,＂ and further explains its implied meanings in the modern nursing setting. Based on the leadership principles of Confucian philosophy, the author develops a performance strategy for self-cultivation and nursing leadership. The purpose of this article is to stress the importance of applying superior traditional cultural values to promote our strengths and demote our weaknesses, keeping Confucius' philosophy as the foundation while still incorporating Western healthcare developments. This way, we can return to the original nature of practicing the arts and humanities in the modern nursing profession.