朱仕玠宦臺之山海經驗探究

A Study of Zhu Shi-Jie's Experience of the Landscapes of Mountains and Oceans in Taiwan

山川海洋具有高聳蓊鬱、浩瀚無窮、富含資源、生機勃勃等多種的意象，臺灣居海東一隅，無論風俗氣候、地理位置、居住人種皆與內陸迥異，因此發展出不同於大陸的山海風貌，提供給宦臺人士前所未有的山海經驗，身處其中時，必然會影響其心理及外在探索行為。本文以清朝乾隆年間來臺宦遊的朱仕玠為例，以其著作《小琉球漫誌》為分析對象，探討清代宦臺人士感知臺灣這個海東小島的「山川」及「海洋」的殊異性及調適心境，並開展耳目。又如何將其化為詩篇來記錄生命的軌跡，讓後人了解並發掘臺灣的山海美景及豐富的物產。進一步分析臺灣的特殊風貌，對宦遊者內在及外在的影響。藉由本文的詮釋，進一步探討宦臺人士的情意世界及其內在生命劇烈變動時的自處之道。並指出臺灣在近代歷史的研究，不能偏廢清代宦遊文人的旅遊記述作品，透過文學的記錄一窺三百年前臺地的山川風物，更可提供另一個觀察思考的角度，以了解宦臺人士的心理層面。

The mountains and oceans are generally characterized with literary images of vastness, abundance and vitality. Taiwan, as an island off the east coast of Asia, differs from continental countries in terms of its customs, climate, geographic position and inhabitants, and its landscapes of mountains and oceans are quite different from those of mainland China. It is arguable that Chinese scholars and officials traveling to Taiwan would be psychologically stimulated by such landscapes. This paper analyzed Xiao-Liu-Qiu-Man-Zhi, written by Zhu Shi-Jie during the Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty, to explore how Chinese scholars and officials recorded their experience of traveling to Taiwan, and their perceptions of the landscapes of oceans and mountains. Based on their works, this study proceeded to examine how these unique landscapes affected mainland Chinese travelers, both internally and externally. This paper serves as a reference for a better understanding of the emotional and psychological changes that Chinese scholars and officials underwent when visiting Taiwan. It also indicates that travel writings by Chinese scholars and officials during the Qing Dynasty should not be neglected in studies of Taiwanese history. These texts describing the landscapes in Taiwan three centuries ago provide a specific perspective from which we can better understand the minds of Chinese scholars traveling to Taiwan.