小型獨立式風力發電機組之設置特性分析

Analysis of Installation for Small Stand-Alone Wind Turbine Generator

本研究探討小型獨立式風力發電機組之設置問題。在考慮了長期風速分佈特性且兼顧成本及供電系統可靠度後，如何在都會地區規劃設計出一組能符合實際負載需求之小型風力發電機組最佳配置型式，將是本研究主要目標。利用負載側累積的總缺電時數當作供電可靠度指標，藉由拉格朗日方程式結合成本及限制條件進行最佳化，可求出不同可靠度下，小型風力機組要如何搭配不同容量的蓄電池，才能使電力發電機組之總建構成本最低。本論文亦將使用有效風率及容量因數兩種指標，探討不同小型風力發電機組對區域風場的不同利用效率。利用中央氣象局所取得的2003~2008 年，台灣8 個氣象站之區域逐時風速，以及20種測試小型風力發電機組進行模擬測試。所得結果，將可作為規劃未來將逐漸普及的家用小型再生能源供電系統的重要參考。

The main objective of this paper is to study the installation problem of a stand-alone wind generator. After considering the fluctuated feature of wind speed, it is important to achieve well performance for the allocation of small wind turbine in the city. The Loss of load Hours (LOLH) of demand side used as reliability index to constrain the Lagrange optimization problem, the optimal capacity allocation for wind turbine & storage battery can be achieved to complete the minimum cost in the wind generation planning. The availability and capacity factor will be conducted to describe the correlation between the wind resources and the validation of wind power utilization. The measured average hourly wind speeds of the eight weather stations of the Central Weather Bureau in the years 2003 to 2008 are simulated and discussed by 20 testing small wind generators. The results can be considered as significant references in the planning of stand-alone small renewable generation installation.