英文摘要 |
The cross-cultural universality of the Western theories of achievement motivation and the applicability of the related measuring instruments have been questioned. Through a systematic couceptual analysis, achievement motive is divided into two types—social-oriented achievement motive (SOAM) and individual-oriented achievement motive (IOAM) . The two types have their different characteristics with respect to four aspects: achievement value, achievement goal, achievement-related behavior, and outcome evaluation. According to these characteristics, two scales were developed in Study I to measure SOAM and IOAM, respectively. The subjects actually used were 784 senior high school students. The results of item analysis and factor analysis showed that both scales have satisfactory levels of internal consistency reliability. Then, 185 college students and 207 senior high school students were used to evaluate the test-retest reliabilities of the two scales, and the obtained coefficients ranged from .79 to .86. In Study II, 263 senior high school students were tested for the assessment of the convergent and discriminant validities of the scales. The correlations of the scores on the two scales with those on EPPS and Sentence Completion Test provided preliminary evidence for the construct validities of the scales. The implications and limitations of the results from the two studies are discussed. |