社會變遷中臺灣婦女之事業觀－－婦女角色意識與就業態度的探討

WOMEN'S ATTITUDES TOWARD CAREER ROLE AND FAMILY ROLE UNDERTEROUGH TAIWAN'S SOCIAL CHANGE

本文主旨為探討當前社會變遷中，婦女對其家庭角色與事業角色之看法，並進而研究在婦女所抱持之角色態度下，何種就業型態較理想。本研究之資料乃從全省性之問卷調查而得，共抽取女性樣本293人。研究之結果發現多數婦女持多重角色之看法，她們承認婦女在家庭地位之從屬性，在事業與家庭之間以家庭角色為優先考慮，然而她們亦頗肯定自我才能發揮的重要性，對社會參與及作決策的機會及權利則表現出積極的意願，在分析了角色態度之影響因素之後，更發現婦女對家庭角色及對事業角色態度之影響因素有所差異：對事業角色之態度受教育程度之影響較大，而對家庭角色之態度受所接觸社會環境之影響大。故而推論婦女對家庭與事業角色之態度可能互相獨立。在此兩重角色態度之下，大多數婦女贊成就業，而為了配合事業角色及家庭角色，多數婦女認為一種配合家庭發展階段的、間斷性的就業型態較為理想。

The present study aims to explore women's attitudes on changing role-playing underthrough Taiwan's social change. A sample of 293 women from twenty to sixty year old are studied from an islandwide survey. Two different roles are discussed:family role and career role. The results indicate that most of women take a multiple-role perspective. Both family role and career role are equally important in today's woman. In the comparison between the contributing factors to women's attitude of family role and career role, some significant difference has been detected. It's shown that education is more important in contributing to attitude difference difference of career role than to family role, while social environment factors are more significant in contributing to attitude of family role. It appears that women's attitudes toward two different roles are independent of each other. In addition to attitudinal differences on women's role, the data on attitudes toward employment also suggests that most of the sample are aspired to participate in labor market For compromising the inherent role conflict, an interrupted career plan accordant with women's family life cycle is rather suppored by most of the sample studied.