埔里盆地稻蔗雙作農村勞力之鳩集

THE MOBILIZATION OF LABOR IN A RICE AND SUGAR CANE DOUBLE CROPPING VILLAGE OF THE P'ULI BASIN

本文分為：一、引言，二、籃城村農業人口，三、勞力之種類，四、換工隊之分析，五，水稻之勞力的鳩集，六、甘蔗之勞力的鳩集，七、其他作物之勞力的鳩集，八、勞力缺乏及其影響，九、動力化農機具之使用與勞力之鳩集，十、耕牛之地位，十一、結論。水稻和食用甘蔗同具注入勞力越多則生產量越多的特性。近年來農村勞力缺乏，使得埔里鎮籃城村和臺灣許多農村一樣，勞力成為農業生產的瓶頸因素。籃城村的勞力可分為家族工、換工和僱工三類。家族工中之‘共財家族工’為農事的基本勞力。水稻偏於換工，甘蔗偏於僱工。在換工勞力之鳩集上，我們看到親屬原則和地域原則交互為用的情形。此乃埔里邊疆社會特質的表現。勞力缺乏對籃城村勞力之鳩集發生許多影響。動力農機具之使用仍面臨許多困難，因而耕牛之地位仍不容抹煞。

This paper consists of the following eleven sections. 1. foreword, 2. the farming population of the Lan-ch'eng village, 3. the varieties of labor, 4. the analysis of labor-exchange teams, 5. the mobilization of labor for wet rice, 6. the mobilization of labor for sugar cane for consumption, 7. the mobilization of labor for other crops, 8. the scarcity of labor and its influences, 9. the use of mechanized tiller and labor mobilization, 10. the status of water buffalos for cultivation, and 11. conclusion. Both wet rice and sugar cane for consumption are crops which will yield more as more labor is put in in a unit of paddy land. In recent years, due to the scarcity of labor, in Lan-ch'eng as well as other agrarian villages in Taiwan, labor has become a bottleneck factor in agricultural production.