沙阿魯阿族的社會組織

SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF THE SAALUA

沙阿魯阿（Saalua）族是指居住於高雄縣桃源鄉桃源、高中兩行政村，荖濃溪兩岸狹隘地區，人口只有二百餘並自稱lalalua的一群人而言。在過去，沙阿魯阿族被認為是鄒族tsou的一支與另兩支阿里山鄒族及卡那布族kanakanabu構成鄒族三族群。但在這三族群間因為有語言、習俗上的顯著差異，故過去學者曾提出種種不同的分類意見；到現在可說還沒有定論。

This is a preliminary report of a survey of the social structure of the Saalua, carried out from the end of 1963 to the begining of 1964, in Tao-yuan Hsiang, Kao-hsiung Hsien. At the time of investigation, the total population of the Saalua amounted to 229 souls, 124 male and 106 female. They are distributed in the two administrative units (Ts'un) of Tao-yuan and Kao-chung, forming three tribal villages known as kalibuan, Paitsiana and Bilanganu respectively. The basic economic, domestic and property-holding unit is the nuclear family. The residential principle is patri- and/or vili-local. Stem and lineal family are also existing. The descent rule is patrilineal. The basic descent group is the clan (sib or lineage in Murdock's usage, where membership does not change by marriage). This is a land-holding, ceremonial and taboo-observing corporate group, but not an exogamous group. Incest taboo is extended only to the second cousin bilaterally. Twenty named clans are listed, but they are attributed to the following four phratries by their origins: toma:la:lasunga, toma:ma:rukisala, tomalal-kanakanabu and pakisia, Pakisia designates Chinese speaking plains tribes, Kanakanabu is the name of a neighbouring tribe, lasunga and marukisala are place names. The heterogeneous origin of this tribe is fully expressed in their myths and legends.