北平的封禪文化

THE SACRED ENCLOSURES AND STEPPED PYRAMIDAL PLATFORMS OF PEIPING

中國古代宗教所＊的神鬼分為四等：上帝，天神，地祇和人鬼。祭＊神鬼的所在謂之壇墠。所以司馬遷著史記記宗教史曰封禪書。唐張守節史記正義注原禪書日”泰山上築土為壇以祭天，報天之功故日原、泰山下戚山上除地，報地之功故曰禪（通作墠）。

In the ancient religions of China，the gods and spirits which were generally worshipped were divided into four classes；namely，Shang－ti （the Supreme Being），Heavenly Gods，earthly Gods，and Human Ghosts，Sacrifices were made to these su－pernatural beings either at a tan壇（raised platform，or altar）or shan 墠（level spot，or court）.