動態系統導向之高雄市水污染治理之研究

Dynamic System-oriented Analysis of Kaohsiung's Water Pollution Governance

都市維生系統主要是由主導都市成長的產業經濟系統以及維繫都市永續發展、負荷都市活動的自然環境系統二者所構成。環境污染的產生大多是源於二大系統在時間軸上失衡所致；其中又以河川水體污染最為嚴重。然現今對於水污染處理大都從單一「環境工程」的觀點切入，欠缺考量上述兩大系統間的動態關係，因此整體性及結構性之宏觀思考顯有必要。本文的目的即在跳脫傳統以環境工程解決水污染的片面思維，以系統動力學的宏觀思考為基礎，並用ithink Strategy軟體進行模擬，愛河水體為標的，建構高雄市都市發展與水污染之系統模型，透過模型之模擬進行不同水污染防治策略之政策試驗，藉以觀察結合都市成長管理策略（產業轉型、徵收水污費）、BOT鼓勵民間參與建設下水道建設、增加污水整治經費提撥等管制政策導入與執行對都市水污染長期變化的影響，以求得較佳之政策組合方案。

The city life-supported system consists of industrial economic system and sustainable natural environment systems. The production of the environmental pollution mostly results from imbalance between the two big systems in time axle out; among them the river water pollution is the most serious. The water pollution is mostly dealt with from the single view of 'environmental engineering, which fails to take into consideration the dynamic relation between two major above-mentioned systems. It is essential to adopt the whole and structural macroscopically thinking. The purpose of this text is to re-evaluate the traditional one-sided way of solving water pollution problem with the environmental engineering. An innovative approach is therefore proposed. Based on macroscopically thinking of system dynamics, ithink Strategy software is exploited as the simulation tools. Love River as a target, we created a model, analyzing the water pollution system of the Kaohsiung city and testing the efficiency of its policies of preventing and controlling water pollution. These observations are intended to build the relationship of the urban growth management strategies and city water pollution variations, which hopefully will pave the way to an optimized solution for the city long-term growth policy.