公司股權結構與外資持股關係之研究

Corporate Ownership Structure and Foreign Ownership

財務滿意度是一種主觀感受，其影響因素除所得高低外，家計中儲蓄與借貸的理財取向影響尤巨。家計理財一般包括四種狀況：擁有儲蓄、收支相抵、入不敷出而以過去儲蓄支應，以及借貸。本研究針對歐亞美非四洲五國（德、挪、台、美及南非）進行跨國性分析，觀察在不同的文化社會中，家計理財取向對於財務滿意度是否具有一致性影響。實證主要結果顯示，儲蓄對於財務滿意度具有正向貢獻，借貸則反之；如家計財務屬於有儲蓄者，其財務滿意度顯著高於其他三種狀況。低所得與借貸之負向影響孰大孰小，各國間並不一致；但是擁有儲蓄對於財務滿意度的正向貢獻則明顯大於高所得，且各國皆然。簡言之，能否審慎理財，乃是影響民眾財務滿意度最重要的因素。

In contrast to the domestic institutional and individual investors, foreign investors play a rather important role in Taiwan's capital market. As the concentration of corporate ownership has created agency conflicts between controlling owners and minority shareholders in Taiwan, the primary purpose of this paper is to explore the association between foreign investment ownership and ownership structure, as measured by the divergence between the ultimate controlling owner's voting rights and cash flow rights, the percentage of board members affiliated with the controlling owners, and the extent of shares collateralized by the board of directors. Our empirical results show that foreign investors hold fewer shares for firm with higher control divergence. Second, foreign investment ownership is negatively related to the percentage of controlling owner's seats on the board, as predicted. Third, we find that foreign institutional investors hold fewer shares on firms with a greater extent of shares collateralized by the board of directors. The results are robust to the alternative model specifications, including Heckman selection and simultaneous models. Our results remain qualitatively unchanged using alternative proxy for foreign investment ownership.