政府與婦女團體的關係及其轉變：以臺灣為例探討婦女運動與性別主流化

The Changing Relationship Between the State and Women’s Organizations: Using Taiwan as a Case Study of Women’s Movement and Gender Mainstreaming

本論文以婦女運動為例，探討三個議題。首先，我們以婦女團體為例分析國家與社會關係的演變，並將之分為三個時期：由上而下的黨國主導期；民間自發的婦女運動期；以及強調跨部門平行合作的性別主流化三個階段。
本文的第二個議題是90年代婦女運動的多元活力，以及由此而生的轉型爭議；90年代婦運一方面是體制外的批判，也有運動者引介北歐的「國家女性主義」，企圖以婦女議題為切入點打造新的國家官僚體制。婦運的體制外/體制內的雙重面向是本文處理的第二個議題。
本文處理的第三個議題是2000年以來由婦女團體與政府共同倡議推動的「性別主流化」。作為聯合國的婦女政策實施策略，本文探討性別主流化如何將人民團體、國家體制與國際組織三者串連整合。2000年以來的發展，可視為政府組織架構的調整，邁向網絡化，形成以政策或議題為中心的跨部會政策網絡，而原先壁壘分明的部會疆界被鬆動。性別主流化將國家/社會關係帶到更密切的互動與彼此鑲嵌，是否因此而強化菁英取向、失去基層活力，則是未來值得進一步討論的問題。

This paper uses the example of women's movement in Taiwan to explore three issues. First, the author intends to analyze the changing relationship between the state and women's organizations through three periods: (1) the period dominated by the KMT party; (2) women's movement period; (3) partnership between the state and women's organizations. The second issue discussed in this paper is the double nature of women's movement in the 1990s. On the one hand, women's movement is a resistant and protesting movement critical of patriarchal society and state. On the other hand, by advocating'state feminism?and strategically aligned with Taipei city government, women's organizations gain access to city government and gradually become institutionalized. The third issue seeks to analyze trends and implications regarding gender mainstreaming policies since 2000. Gender mainstreaming further increases the interaction and partnership between the state and women's organizations. Networks of policymaking have emerged that blur the boundaries between various ministries and between the state and society.