歐洲原子能共同體及其會員國權力的競合：以國際用過核燃料及放射性廢物管理建制為例

Power Competition and Cooperation between the EURATOM and Its Member States: The Case of the International Spent Fuel and Radioactive Waste Management Regime

回顧國際用過核燃料與放射性廢物管理建制的創建歷程，以及此種建制轉換至歐洲區域整合的過程發現，作為一個具有國際法律人格（international legal personality）的歐洲原子能共同體（EURATOM），與其會員國存在明顯的競合關係。兩者或可在國際場域共同合作，促成互利的國際建制，但會員國於國際核安全談判過程中，處心積慮弱化EURATOM，最大化本國利益之作為，屢見不鮮。過去研究成果多呈現，歐洲整合系超國家主義與政府間主義相互拉扯下的產物，但EURATOM及其會員在國際場域及內部造法歷程的權力競合關係顯示，歐洲在原子能領域的整合過程，呈現明顯的自由政府間主義色彩。

This study is concerned with the construction of the international spent fuel and radioactive waste management regime, and the process of integrating this regime into the process of European integration. As an international legal personality, the European Atomic Energy Community (EURATOM) has faced both cooperation and competition in its relations with its member states. EURATOM might cooperate with members to promote an international regime with which both have shared interests. Nevertheless, on occasions member states have deliberately weakened EURATOM's presence in international negotiations to serve their own national interests. Therefore, the relationship of cooperation and competition between EURATOM and member states demonstrates liberalintergovernmentalism in the field of nuclear regimes in the context of European integration.