全球化潮流下台灣公私部門組合型態的制度性安排

Institutional Arrangements for Public-private Configuration in Taiwan under Globalization

全球化潮流讓世界性的資本主義穿透民族國家的界線，並使西方國家的跨國公司，以全球一體化的政經特性考量，而訂定其持續積累資本的經營策略。此一模式促成特定國家改變其經濟發展目標，並以新自由主義為理論基礎，進行新公共管理運動主導下的政府再造；政府大量引入市場的制度性邏輯與企業的管理技術，就強制與私部們發展協力的夥伴關係以提供公共服務與執行公共任務，但是卻也逐漸模糊了公私部門之間組合型態的規範性分際。本文首先將討論全球化對於公私部門組合型態的衝擊；其次、本文繼而將政府行政組織分為資本性、公共性與社會性三種，並討論它們在全球化衝擊下分別履行管制性、分配性與輔導性業務，而採取解除管制、私有化與市場化措施時，對於三種行政組織的影響，及可能衍生的問題。再其次、本文亦討論在台灣各階段的政經結構下，整個公私部門之間組合型態的制度性安排與調整，尤其是在全球化年代所表現於行政院之組織改造者。最後，本文主張台灣的行政組織應引入第三部門的制度性邏輯與安排，包括進行資本性行政組織、公共性行政組織，以及社會性行政組織的制度性轉型，以平衡政府再造中過於重視企業化的傾向。

Globalization has not only caused capitalism to diffuse beyond the borders of nation-states, but also enabled Western multi-national enterprises to accumulate capital by utilizing global strategies. This model has led states to reorientate their economic development goals and participate in the movement to re-invent government guided by the neo-liberal theory of new public management. Governments have introduced the logic of the market economy and the management know-how of enterprises, and stressed the importance of establishing partnership with the private sector to provide public services and implement public tasks. However, this has made the public-private configuration increasingly blurred.This article, firstly, discusses the concept of globalization and its impact on the public sector, and then, secondly, divides the government's executive organizations into three categories according to their nature, namely capital, public, and social. These organizations are in charge of regulation, distribution, and guidance provisions respectively. Attempts are also made to examine the impacts of de-regulation, privatization and marketization witnessed under the new public management at the global level on these three categories of executive organizations as well as possible ensuing problems. Thirdly, this article analyzes institutional arrangements and rearrangements in the public-private configuration in Taiwan against the historic context and political/economic structure at different stages, in particular the impact of globalization on the organic reconstruction of the Executive Yuan. Furthermore, this article proposes that the executive organizations and the third sector in Taiwan should borrow from each other's institutional logic and arrangements, including the institutional transformation of capital executive organizations, public executive organizations, and social executive organizations, in order to balance out the excessive inclination toward corporatization in the re-inventing of government processes.