Tone Errors in Mormal and Aphasic Speech in Mandarin

漢語口語與失語症調誤

本文旨在研究漢語失語症聲調調誤與一般口語調誤之比較以及其他理論應用。由876 筆失語症聲調調誤及2515 筆一般口語調誤希望證明以下特點：第一、聲調調誤出現比率與子音語誤出現比例相當，在失語症的語料亦有類似現象。第二、失語症調誤較不易找出來源調，與一般口語調誤中有大量的來源調有很大的差別，由此可見失語症患者在發音上缺乏有效率的發音執行及計畫。最後，失語症患者大量的利用高平調來取代其他聲調，此點強化了高平調在發音學上的簡易度以及在習得歷程中先被學會的容易度。

This paper studies the distribution of tone production deficits in aphasic speech in comparison to tone errors in normal production in Mandarin and their implications. 876 aphasic tone errors and 2515 normal tone errors are analyzed and results support the following findings: First, the percentage of tone errors is similar to that of consonant errors, suggesting that the extent of tone impairment is comparable to that of consonant impairment in Mandarin aphasics. Second, contextual tone errors within clause boundaries (e.g., those involving anticipatory or perseveratory effects) reflect the aphasics' less efficient monitoring mechanism in speech production planning and execution. Finally, the high tone is the least resistant to aphasic disturbance, suggesting that aphasic patients select the high tone as the replacing tone to some extent based on its strength of being easier to be produced and earlier to be acquired in Mandarin.