21世紀金融制度下的日本金融廳（金管會）－－以1990年代後日本金融制度改革為主要探討課題

A Study of Financial Services Agency for Japan in the 21st Century- Focus on Financial Reform in Japan after the 1990's

「金融是重複，自然科學是累積。」人類史上自17世紀初於荷蘭阿姆斯特丹創立第一處的證券市場以來，有關金融資本的相關議題，從不因時間軸與空間軸之更迭，而缺席於資本主義的社會舞台中。類似1929年大蕭條起的歐美金融機構倒閉風潮，同樣地於2008年華爾街亦引發全球的金融海嘯。該事件起因於控制全球大部份金融資本的歐美投資銀行，因不當操弄衍生性的金融商品所導致歐美金融機構瀕臨破產的危機。本論文將藉由馬克斯經濟學家Rudolf Hilferding有關金融資本的學理與論述基礎，探究極富社會主義色彩的日本經濟發展過程中，其金融制度於各個主要歷史階段的發展特徵。並透過歷史文獻整理與資料，了解日本政府部門在其金融市場中的任務機能所在，以及金融政策的執行情況。另外在90年代後開始的日本金融改革變化中，整理出日本金融行政上的4種弊端。並經由包括健全金融制度之維護、金融對國家實體經濟之影響、建立可信賴之金融檢查監督體制等等相關金融機制之審酌，加以確立21世紀日本金融廳的時代意義與其嶄新的角色扮演功能。最後根據上述主要課題之分析結果作出結論，提出相關建議要點，以供台灣金融相關當局參考之用。

'The finance is repeating, the natural science is accumulated.' Since founding the security market of the first place in Amsterdam of Holland at the beginning of the 17th century in the human history, the issues of finance capital are never absent in the stage of the capitalism in spite of time axle and space axle changed. For example, the American-European banks were going bankruptcy in the Great Depression of 1929, the similar situation is recurred the Financial Tsunami at Wall Street in 2008. In which American-European investing banks that control most of global finance capital are to be destroyed by operating derivatives improperly. This study applies the finance capital theories of Marxist economist Rudolf Hilferding. By these arguments, we will probe into the evolution of Japanese economic structure which extremely socialism color, discuss its financial system and analyzing the development characteristics in each main stage of history. We will realize the functions and duties that Japanese government plays an important role in the financial market. We also conclude 4 causes of having of lost of financial administration and the roles of Financial Services Agency will be illuminated after financial reforms of later stage in the 1990s. Furthermore, via the financial missions which including creation of a vibrant financial system, contribution to national economies and establishment of a reliable financial system, we will figure out the mechanism of FSA in the 21st century. Finally, propose the statements for the financial authorities of Taiwan.