大學生背景變項、人格特質與其智慧型手機使用情況之相關研究

A Study on the Relationship among University Students' Demographics, Personality Traits and Smartphone Usage

本研究在探討大學生智慧型手機使用狀況及其與背景變項、人格特質的關係，採橫斷式調查研究法，以立意取樣方式選取四所大學的學生為研究對象，利用結構式自填問卷收集資料，共得有效問卷385份，有效回收率94.59％，研究結果摘述如下：一、研究對象每日花費180分鐘以內的時間使用智慧型手機，影響研究對象智慧型手機使用情況的重要背景變項為每月零用錢、與同學相處情況和每月家庭收入，人格特質中以外向性和情緒穩定性兩項影響較大。二、近三個月智慧型手機使用依賴情況為中度依賴，以就讀管理學院和商學院、每月零用錢在9,001元以上、及每月家庭收入在50,000元以內及100,001元以上者較高，嚴謹性與情緒穩定性人格特質與近三個月智慧型手機使用依賴情況呈現負相關。建議父母應該了解子女零用錢花費情況、培養其對智慧型手機使用的正確觀念，學校輔導方面可運用同儕的影響力舉辦活動，以減少智慧型手機使用率。未來宜採縱貫性研究，以了解長期的影響和因果關係。

This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationships among demographics, personality traits, and smartphone usage of a sample of university students. The purposive sampling was employed to recruit the participants from four universities. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Responses from 385 students were used to analyze data (response rate: 94.59%). The results were summarized as follows: 1. The university students daily spent less than 180 minutes on using smartphones. Monthly pocket money, getting along with classmates, and monthly household income significantly influenced the smartphone usage. Additionally, extraversion and emotional stability significantly affected the smartphone usage. 2. The university students' smartphone use exhibited moderate levels of dependency in the last three months. The major as management or business, monthly pocket money more than NT 9,001 dollars, and monthly household income less than NT 50,000 and more than NT 100,001 dollars were significantly positively associated with the smartphone use dependence. In addition, conscientiousness and emotional stability were negatively related to the smartphone use dependence. The results of this study imply that parents should recognize their children how to spend the pocket money. In addition, they should assist their children in developing appropriate attitudes and accurate knowledge of the smartphone usage. Moreover, the schools can use peer support to reduce the usage of the smartphone through holding group activities. Furthermore, longitudinal studies are needed to understand the long-term effects and causal links among demographics, personal traits and the smartphone usage.