健康促進學校學童視力保健推動模式之探討

A Study in the Strategies Employed by Model Health Promoting Schools on Vision Health

本文為探討健康促進學校推動視力保健議題之有效模組，透過八所都會區學校之教職員訪談，整合出適合本國都會區學校發展促進學童視力健康的重要策略和方法。分析調查結果發現，推動學童視力保健之重要策略如下：（一）各校執行行動研究，有助於學童提升視力保健的認知、態度和技能；（二）戶外活動空間規劃和設計，有助於鼓勵學童走出戶外，適度放鬆眼睛肌肉；（三）提供良好的視力保健個案管理機制，與家長聯繫溝通，以幫助視力不良之學童至眼科複檢；（四）課程設計強化學童視力保健觀念及用眼生活技能的培養；（五）運用社會資源，如家長志工、或與眼科簽訂合作契約，協助弱勢家庭學童就醫；（六）建立夥伴關係，結合健康促進學校中央輔導團隊共同推動健康促進議題。為改善本國學童之視力健康情形，需致力於學童、家長及教師重視視力保健健康生活習慣的養成，期許本文之討論結果能提供全國致力於推動學童視力保健的工作者參考。

The article was to determine the effective strategies used by model health promoting schools used to control youth vision problems. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to survey faculty and staff from eight schools located in an urban area. The results of the survey showed that six strategies were very important to the success of the model health promoting school. Strategy I: The use of an action research method was effective in spreading awareness on importance of vision health to students, parents, and faculty members. Strategy II: Students should have easy access to both an outdoor environment and sports equipment so that they can play outdoors more and protect their eyes. Strategy III: Schools should create a system to track each student's vision health, and make parents aware of any vision problems, as well as provide access to ophthalmologist (OPH) if needed. Strategy IV: A curriculum that focused on vision health including techniques such as '3010' (taking ten minutes breaks after thirty minutes of study) should be developed to teach students more. Strategy V: Schools should utilized a wide range of resources including social networks and contract with OPHs to provide better vision services to students. Strategy VI: Schools should create a partnership with the Central Counselors of Health Promotion School Project. This report provided effective strategies for improving youth vision health in Taiwanese urban areas.