中部地區五專學生社會支持、情緒智力及生活適應之相關研究

A Study on Social Support, Emotional Intelligence and Life Adjustment for Junior College Students in Central Taiwan

本文欲探究五專生社會支持、情緒智力及生活適應之現況，分析不同背景因素對以上三者之影響，並比較社會支持高低分組間情緒智力的差異，以及情緒智力高低分組間生活適應能力的差異。文中以中部地區1,075位五專學生為研究對象，利用描述性統計、獨立樣本t檢定、單因子變異數分析等進行分析，主要結論如下： （1）五專學生之情緒智力及社會支持之現況皆在中等之上，但是生活適應現況並不佳； （2）在社會支持方面：女生、一年級以及和父母一同居住的五專生對於社會支持的滿意度較高；在情緒智力方面：和父母同住的五專生之情緒智力表現較優；在生活適應方面：五年級以及有參與社團活動的五專生有較佳的生活適應； （3）對社會支持感到較滿意之五專生，有較佳的情緒智力；而情緒智力表現較優秀的五專學生，在生活適應的情況亦愈為良好。根據研究結果，建議學生多參與社團活動；父母、學校應多關懷外宿學生；社會應提供學生有效的支持，改善其情緒智力，避免使學生陷入適應不良困境。

The purpose of this study was to explore the current condition on social support, emotional intelligence and life adjustment for junior college students. We also analyzed the differences of these three items with varied background and discussed the relationship between social support and emotional intelligence of students and the relationship between emotional intelligence and life adjustment. The research was targeted 1,075 junior college students in Taichung area, and the collected data were analyzed by descriptive analysis, t-test, one-way ANOVA, and so on. The major findings were as follows: 1. The current condition of the social support and emotional intelligence of junior college students were above the intermediate level, but the life adjustment was rated intermediate-low. 2. Girls, first grade or students living with parents had higher satisfaction on social support. Students living with parents had better performance on emotional intelligence than others. Students in fifth-grade or attended to extracurricular activity had better ability in life adjustment. 3. The students with higher satisfactions in social support had better sense in emotional intelligence; students with good performance in emotional intelligence had better ability to adapt themself to the environment. According to our findings, we encourage students to attended extracurricular activities. Parents and school authorities ought to pay more attention to students without living with their parents. Community should provide valid support in order to improve student's emotional intelligence and to avoid unhealthy adaptability.