性別主流化的醫療觀點

Medical Perspectives in Gender Mainstreaming

世界婦女會議所揭櫫的性別主流化是一股要求性別平權的力量，它已經聯合國經濟與社會理事會定義並確定原則，在這項思潮影響下，千禧年以後，我國也開始乎應性別主流化的宗旨，2005年7月總統府成立《性別主流化諮詢顧問小組》，要籿政府或非政府組織，包括醫療在內的部門，在政策制訂與執行層面都要評估對性別的影響。衛生部門從2006年開始推動性別主流實施計畫，執行方式包括舉辦性別意識課程，成立性平委員會，執行性別統計分析，制定具性別意識的健康政策，而健保決策及資源分配也要考慮性別平等。台灣醫療體系人員開始感受這股潮流是生部門將執業執照換照與再教育課程聯結，而本文正是這股潮流下的產物，本文提供一些性與性別在台灣的發展趨報以及這些趨勢和婦女健康的關聯，同時也接介紹性別醫學的概念與發展。

In 1995 Fourth World Conference on Women formally featured the concept of "gender mainstreaming" in pursuing gender equality. The concept is further developed by UN Social and Economic Council to define the requirements and principles to make it possible to recognize gender mainstreaming. Under the influence, Taiwan has moved to adopt the concept to echo the global trend. In 2005 July, Advisory Panel on Gender Mainstreaming was established under Office of President. The panel advised that governments and other actors, including medical sectors, should promote an active policy of mainstreaming gender perspective in both policy making and implementation, to take into account evaluations on the effects on women and men. Health sectors therefore have acted upon such recommendation since 2006. The main focuses include providing courses of raising gender issues awareness, establishing gender equality committee, conducting data collection and statistics on gender, formulating health policy with gender perspectives, and finally, policies and resources distribution improving gender equality under universal health coverage. Since then, medical workers in Taiwan have been introduced into such policy schemes mainly by way of taking mandatory continuous training in order to renew certificates to practice. This article is one of such knowledge endeavors. It will cover major developments of sexuality and gender issues in Taiwan and their relations to women's health. At the same time, the concept of gender medicine and its implementation is elaborated to further our knowledge on how gender perspectives help to improve medicine in serving different gender.