論泰國國王拉瑪九世「知足經濟」思想之實踐與對泰國發展之啟發

A Study on the Implementation of the Thai King Rama IX、 “Sufficiency Economy” Thought and the Hint toward Thailand’s Development

1997年，泰國國内發生金融危機，進而引發席捲亞洲的金融風暴，許多泰 國人民的資產瞬間蒸發，泰國社會也開始慌亂而不穩定，此時，泰國國王拉瑪九 世在一場演講中提及「知足」的概念，試圖為人民指出一個方向，更想藉此讓人 民深刻體會「謹慎」的重要性。然而，卻發生外界對此思維的誤解，誤以為是「新 農業理論」所帶動的「自給自足」封閉型經濟思想，而讓諸多外資撤資或轉為觀 望，使得國王與政府必須不斷地澄清此誤解。而在這樣的過程中，此想法也從一 種口號逐漸轉成一套較為完善的理論。而後，在國王與政府相關單位的努力推動、 推廣下，成為一種「哲學」，即「知足經濟」（Sufficiency Economy)。本文將就 知足經濟的核心價值與應用層面進行探討，並討論生活實用性及外界的誤解，然 後透過新聞檢視知足經濟對泰國近年的發展有何影響，最後再提出結論與展望。

During Thailand’s Economic Crisis in 1997， the people soon lost their assets and then fell into panic in Bangkok. The King of Thailand brought up an economic thought in a speech at this time point. But many mistakes were made by foreign businessmen. So the King and the government of Thailand had to explain the thinking. As time passed， the explanation step by step let the thought become more clearly and completely understood. At last， these concepts became a core value of theory. This theory is called “Sufficiency Economy” In the first part of this article， we want to understand the core value of the Sufficiency Economy， and its application. In the second part， we want to provide an example to know how wonderful its use is in our life， and try to understand the mistakes of foreign businessmen. In the third part， we try to show how the Sufficiency Economy affects Thai people， especially in society， economy， and culture.