從Artistic Approach 的中譯看翻譯的新趨勢：專業翻譯

Professional Translation as a New Tendency of Translation: The Translation of Artistic Approach into Mandarin as an Example

翻譯理論發展迄今，可劃分為四個階段：（一）語文學派／文藝學派翻譯 階段；（二）語言學翻譯理論階段；（三）文化翻譯階段；（四）專業翻譯 階段。語文學派／文藝學派著重主觀的創造性，認為翻譯是一種藝術。以接 受美學為取向，認為翻譯語言是藝術創造的產物。語言學翻譯理論早期著重 於文法，後轉重於語義，再轉變為著重語用。文化翻譯階段著重於不同文化 間的資訊轉換，對於以作者為中心的異化與以讀者為中心的歸化視情況加以 運用。專業翻譯階段則著重於專業知識的習得與運用。 專業翻譯階段是當今翻譯的新趨勢。對於法政，財經，新聞，科技，環 保，舞蹈各方面需有起碼的知識與能力才易掌握各該專業的翻譯。翻譯學界 的翻譯，在標準舞專業翻譯方面，目前剛在起步的階段。翻譯學者對標準舞 方面有造詣者寥寥無幾，而標準舞者對翻譯方面有造詣者亦鳳毛麟角。筆者 對翻譯學以及標準舞皆有涉獵，故擬以世界職業摩登舞1999，2000，2001 冠軍巴瑞奇 (Luca & Loraine Baricchi) 的Artistic Appraoch（藝術取向）著作 為例，以內容精確取向態度，從翻譯的宏觀面與微觀面，配合標準舞專業知 識與能力加以論述，以見專業翻譯的重要性。

The development of Translation theories can be divided into four periods: (1) The Period of Literature Theory， (2) The Period of Linguistics Theory， (3) The Period of Culture Theory， and (4) The Period of Professional Theory of Translation. During the Period of Literature Theory， translators paid special attention to the art and aesthetics of translation. During the Period of Linguistics Theory， translators paid attention to the transfer of grammar， then to the language meaning， and finally to pragmatic linguistics. During the Period of Culture Theory， translators paid special emphasis on the transfer of cultural messages with debates between authors-cantered Domestication Translation strategy and readers-cantered Foreignization Translation strategy. And during the Period of Professional Theory， translators paid special attention to the acquirement and application of professional knowledge and ability. The Professional Theory of Translation is the current tendency for translators. The translators had better have professional knowledge and ability for the translation fields， such as Politics and Law， Finance and Economy， and even Ballroom Dancing so as to be competent in translation. In the field of the translation of International Ballroom Dancing， it is just begin-nig with few translators at the same time the good dancers. I have knowledge of translation as well as ballroom dancing， and hence I choose to translate the Artistic Approach (by Luca & Lorraine Baricchi， champions of International Modern Ballroom Dancing 1999， 2000， 2001) “with content accuracy translation attitude” through both the Macro and the Micro translation methods with the knowledge and ability of ballroom dancing to show the importance of professional knowledge and ability to Professional Translation.