ERP吸收的研究－－吸收能力與環境不確定性的影響

The Assimilation of ERP: The Impact of Absorptive Capacity and Environmental Uncertainty

有效的吸收企業資源規劃(ERP)系統，將會對組織的效能產生很大的影響。由於過去的研究大多重視ERP的導入，很少關注到導入後，如何有效的吸收應用ERP，並且對此做一系統化的分析。有鑑於此，本研究根據科技吸收理論發展一個整合模式並且實證，認為影響ERP吸收同時受到外部的環境，與內部吸收能力的影響，並且分別應用組織吸收能力(ACAP)理論及組織資訊處理理論(OIPT)，做為進一步發展理論模式的基礎。具體而言，組織內部的吸收能力包括潛在性吸收能力及實現性吸收能力，外部不確定性則包括了動態性與敵對性。為了驗證理論模式的可行性，本研究透過調查分析，針對87家已經使用ERP的企業進行分析。大多數的假設獲得支持，研究結果顯示，動態性、敵對性對組織潛在性與實現性吸收能力皆具有正面的影響，同時前述之吸收能力對ERP科技的吸收也有正面的影響效果。本研究的貢獻在於發展一個影響ERP吸收的整合模式，有助於企業考量組織自身的特性與面臨外部環境的不確定性時，如何有效吸收ERP的方法。

Assimilating ERP plays a key role in affecting effectiveness of a firm. But most of the prior studies focused on the success of ERP implementation rather than ERP assimilation. To fill this gap, drawing on theory of technology assimilation, this study develops a systematic model and validates it empirically, arguing that the effectiveness of ERP assimilation is affected by a firm's absorptive capacity, which in turn is influenced by its environmental uncertainty. Absorptive capacity and environmental uncertainty refer to the internal and external factors salient to ERP assimilation respectively. Specifically, absorptive capacity includes potential and realized capability, and environmental uncertainty is composed of dynamism and hostility. Based on a field survey of 87 firms, most of the proposed hypotheses are supported, showing that environmental uncertainty positively affects internal absorptive capacity, which in turn have a positive influence on ERP assimilation. The main contribution of this study is to provide ERP managers with a more comprehensive solution to ERP assimilation.