運用模糊專家系統來協助軟體專案進行流程調適

A Fuzzy Expert System for Assisting in Tailoring Software Processes

軟體專案的開發並非一成不變、因此軟體組織會建立調適準則來應變，再由專案依據這些規定自行調整實際、適切的作法。然而，調適準則通常無法準確及武斷地定義，且個別專案也需要充分經驗以作出適當的調適決策。因此本研究嘗試建立一調適架構，運用模糊理論將調適因子分成可模糊化及不可模糊化，且將調適過程以引導式及階段化呈現，最後建置成以規則為基底的模糊化專家系統。由於系統是以網頁形式呈現，這使得調適作業及相關的決策及簽核流程得以電子化方式進行。本研究並且透過一個軟體專案範例加以說明及展示系統的操作。

Software projects vary in nature. Thus matured software organizations often have sets of guidelines for projects to use in tailoring standard processes. Yet not all of the tailoring guidelines can be crisply defined. Besides, individual projects need expertise from the organizational knowledge which consists of past project experiences. In this regard, this paper proposes a rule-based fuzzy expert system to assist software projects in process tailoring. The system identifies several fuzzy factors for handling the imprecise part of tailoring criteria and further establishes a heuristic, layered approach that guides software projects in conducting process tailoring. In addition, the Web design of the proposed system enables a remote use in today's e-business environment. A case example is also provided to demonstrate the function of the proposed system.