醫療服務國際化議題的研究發展與趨勢：國際期刊文獻之內容分析

Research status and trends in the international medical tourism industry: A content analysis of the international literature

目的：由於國際醫療服務產業目前正在蓬勃發展中。為了解全球國際醫療服務產業的發展趨勢，本研究運用波特的鑽石模型為解析的構面，採用2008-2013 年間發表於國際期刊的文獻進行歸納與分析。方法：本研究採用內容分析法。文獻材料的選取主要來自Science Direct、EBSCO、Google Scholar、和Medline 等資料庫，共172 篇。經作者們檢視文獻標題、摘要與內容後，納入本研究研究的材料論文共65 篇。結果：本研究就議題趨勢、研究方法採用及受重視程度三個部分進行討論。在議題趨勢方面，以需求及機會兩項議題最受重視。在研究方法上，則以調查研究法最為普遍。在受重視程度方面，以美國及加拿大最為關心此議題。結論：醫療服務國際化產業的發展，有賴於產業與政府雙方的密切合作。然而，有關於探討政府態度與支持的研究主題是缺乏的，因此，未來的研究應該關注在「如何面對來自他國競爭」等相關議題上。

Objective: In order to understand the trends in the skyrocketing international medical tourism industry, this study used Michael Porter’s diamond model to analyze and summarize the international literature from 2008 to 2013. Methods: A total of 172 papers were identifi ed from Science Direct, EBSCO, Google Scholar, and Med Line. Of these, 65 met the inclusion criteria and were subject to content analysis. Results: In terms of research issues, “demand conditions” and “chance” accounted for the largest proportion. Surveying was the most frequently applied research methodology. The United States and Canada were most concerned about these issues. Conclusions: The development of medical tourism depends on the relationship between industry and government. Exploring the attitude and support of government and facing competition from other countries should both be concerns for future research.