建構原鄉災區以社區為基礎的生活重建模式

A Community-Based Study on the Model of the Life Rehabilitation in the Aboriginal Disaster Areas

原鄉災區生活重建是一個漫長的調適、妥協與合作的過程，除了外在政治社會經濟環境的侷限外，原住民本身的知識與能力不足、政策制訂者及執行者對原住民部落環境及文化脈絡的不熟悉、其與部落的溝通不良、專業團隊過於強勢的主導等都是部落重建所面臨的層層阻礙與困難。而生活重建工作所涉及的層面相當廣，在資源連結與福利運輸體系的建立上更是實務工作者急需解決的問題。另外，原住民地區在生活重建工作上所面臨困難是資源的缺乏，在既有資源有限的情況下，災後道路交通受阻影響產業運銷，進而影響生計；因此，災後生活重建工作是值得討論及研究的。本文即以回顧過去台灣處理災害的經驗及重建的做法，以及整理目前莫拉克風災後進行之生活重建工作，試圖對此經驗做彙整及檢討，以作為我國災後生活重建工作修正上的參考。

Life rehabilitation in disaster areas is a long process of accommodation, compromise and cooperation. The difficulties of tribal rehabilitations include the less knowledge and abilities of the aboriginal, the barriers of communication among government, professional organizations, the aboriginal and the unacquaintance of the aboriginal culture. The community rehabilitation will undertake with the efforts from the government, the community and professionals. The most important task is to help the inhabitants resume the steady life as soon as possible. As the recovery projects evolved, the community has to face the challenges of future development such as living condition, community sustainability, agriculture economy, rural ecology and so on. Therefore, the next stage of community rehabilitation should focus to generate the local vitality and to empower the living abilities. This study investigates how the concept of community empowerment is applied and promotes the residents' learning process and transformation by their participation in community programs. Moreover, the study will explore the theoretical level from community participation and aboriginal social work.