親子關係、與青少年偏差行為問的雙向關係：青少年男女之比較

The Reciprocal Relationships between Parenting and Delinquency: Boys vs. Girls

傳統研究中所使用的單方向之解釋模型無法適當地描繪親子關係與青少年偏差行為間動態關係之本質。再者，雖然性別在塑造家庭生活上扮演一個重要的角色，但在研究上卻欠缺系統性之探討。因此，奠基於Thornberry互動理論之主張，本研究探討青少年男女之親子關係與其偏差行為間的雙向關係，以補文獻之不足。研究資料來自於一個仍在進行中的縱貫性調查研究，參與的受訪者來自全美各地具代表性之樣本。研究結果顯示，根據互動理論所建立之模型在青少年男生與女生間所獲得之結果相似；亦即，偏差行為與親子關係形成一個負向的雙向關係。當直接比較男生與女生的結果時，結果發現女生之偏差行為似乎對父母的監督與管教具有更負面之影響。大致而言，本研究結果顯示以雙向模型來解釋親子關係與青少年偏差行為間動態關係之重要性。並且，當考慮性別時，本研究之設計可比較上述關係在青少年男生與女生間之異同。

Uni-directional models in family-delinquency research are not able to properly capture the dynamic nature of relationships between delinquency and parenting. Additionally, although gender plays an important role in shaping family dynamics, it is relatively lacking systematic investigation in the literature. Therefore, deriving hypotheses from interactional theory, this study examines the reciprocal relationships between parenting and delinquency in adolescent boys and girls to fill the gap in the empirical research. Using panel data derived from a longitudinal dataset with a nationally representative sample, the results show that the model works similarly in for both male and female adolescent groups. Delinquency is reciprocally related to parental attachment and supervision. When comparing the effects across the gender groups, the results indicate that the negative impact on parental supervision, however, appears to be larger for females. In general, the results in this study emphasize the importance of examining the reciprocal nature of parenting-delinquency relationships. Also, taking gender into account allows us to explore the similarity and differences in the parenting-delinquency relationships between boys and girls.