〈長與又郎日記〉的研究價值：臺灣醫療史與近代史的觀察

Research Value of 'Diary of Mataro Nagayo': Reflections on Medical History in Taiwan and Modern History

本文旨在探討〈長與又郎日記〉的研究價值，以臺灣醫療史觀察為切入角度，並從中考察、理解日本殖民醫學教育的發展。長與又郎，1878年出生於日本東京，父親為長與專齋。1904年東京帝國大學醫科大學畢業，1905年入東京帝國大學病理學教室任副手，1907年赴德國Freiburg大學、師從Rudolph Aschoff進修病理學，1909年回國。1910年升助教授，1911年取得東京帝國大學醫學博士學位，同年11月34歲時晉升東京帝國大學病理學病理解剖學第二講座教授，1919年任傳染病研究所所長，1929年癌研究會會長，1933年4月至1934年12月任東京帝國大學醫學部長（醫學院院長），1934年12月至1938年11月任東京帝國大學總長（校長）。1936年11月28日入選帝國學士院會員（院士），1941年4月任第一屆日本癌學會會長，1941年8月16日因病去世，享年64歲，並捐贈遺體供病理解剖。長與又郎從1892年1月1日15歲時開始書寫日記，現存日記手稿起訖為1893年8月17日至1941年8月15日，目前由家屬保存。〈長與又郎日記〉曾於1983年7月至1992年3月以期刊連載方式揭諸於世，並於2001－2002年彙整成冊刊行出版，供公眾閱覽與研究。

With reference to the diary written by Mataro Nagayo, this article traces and analyzes the medical history of Taiwan and the development of medical education in Japanese colonial Taiwan. Mataro Nagayo (1878-1941) was the third son born to Sensai Nagayo. In 1904, he graduated from the Medical College of the Tokyo Imperial University. After training in the Department of Pathology at the Tokyo Imperial University, he furthered his studies in pathology at the Freiburg University under Rudolph Aschoff from 1907 to 1909. He obtained his M.D. in 1911 and was appointed professor in Pathology at the Tokyo Imperial University in the same year. He had been the director of the Institute of Infectious Disease and the president of the Cancer Society. He served as the Dean of Faculty of Medicine from 1933 to 1934 and as the President of the Tokyo Imperial University from 1934 to 1938. In 1936, he was elected fellow of the Imperial Academy. Mataro Nagayo died on Aug 16, 1941. Mataro Nagayo began writing his personal diary on Jan 1, 1892 at the age of 15. The surviving diary of Mataro Nagayo, owned by his family, spanned from Aug 17, 1893 to Aug 15, 1941. The diary was first serially released in periodicals between 1983 and 1992, and the 'Diary of Mataro Nagayo' was eventually published in 2000-2001. Through examining the historical materials of the Japanese colonial era as narrated by Mataro Nagayo in his personal journals, this article addresses issues including (1) the establishment of the Faculty of Medicine, Taihoku Imperial University, (2) the events leading to resignation of Tadao Yanaihara, and (3) collaboration with Dr. J. Heng Liu from China and with the League of Nations Health Organization.