戰後初期臺灣留日學生的左傾言論及其動向

Left-wing Views and Political Sentiments of Taiwanese Students in Immediate Post-war Japan

日治時期臺灣青年赴日求學，原本是日本帝國領域內的升學，戰後因國籍變更而成為中華民國政府管轄的留日學生，這個變化影響到每個人的前程。值得關注的是，他們畢業後是否順利歸國就職？政府是否接納這批臺灣青年？透過口述訪談與相關史料考察發現，時局變動阻斷了大部分臺灣學生的返鄉之路。首先，因二二八事件之衝擊，加上日本社會與僑界左傾言論的激盪，臺灣青年自始即對國民黨政府抱持負面評價。1949年間，國府因內戰潰敗而遷臺，中華人民共和國成立，許多臺灣留學生對「新中國」抱持高度的期待，不久甚至出現集體前往中國之現象。透過學生報與僑界刊物內容分析可知，僑界的左傾言論是催化臺灣學生親共的原因，但不可忽視這股風潮是由在日臺灣人所主導，其背後雖然曾受到共產黨宣傳的影響，但國府的失政引起留學生反彈，也是一項重要的因素。整體而言，戰爭期赴日學生，若戰後繼續在日升學，大多就此定居日本；其中少數返臺之學生，縱使未曾遭到迫害，也很少獲得政府重用。從日後的演變可以看出，留日學生的左傾風潮是臺灣本土菁英預備軍大量流失的原因之一，左傾風潮的產生過程雖已釐清，但個別人物的思想轉折及本土菁英流失之影響等，尚待日後持續地探究。

During the Japanese colonial era, students from Taiwan pursuing studies in Japan were considered imperial subjects. With the end of WWII, their status became overseas Taiwanese students in Japan under the jurisdiction of the Nationalist government. Such change had significant impact on their future. They were concerned about their employment prospects back in Taiwan and the attitude of the government towards them as graduates from Japanese universities. From the review of related literature and through personal interviews, it was found that most of them were unable to return to their home country due to the political turmoil in Taiwan. Under the impact of the 228 incident in Taiwan, plus the widespread left-wing views in Japan and especially among the overseas Chinese there, the majority of Taiwanese students in Japan harbored negative sentiments against the Nationalist government. In 1949, the Communists won victory in the civil war of China and founded the People's Republic of China; while the Nationalist government was forced to relocate to Taiwan. In the beginning, many Taiwanese students in Japan had high expectations of the 'new China', and even migrated to the Mainland in groups. Analysis of students' newspapers and overseas Chinese publications reveales that the prevailing left-wing views among the overseas Chinese was the main reason for their preference of the Communists. Even though it was the overseas Taiwanese students who fostered such left-wing inclination, the influence of the communist propaganda should not be overlooked. The lack of a proper policy of the Nationalist government for these overseas Taiwanese students also drove them to be pro-communists. In general, most Taiwanese students who went to Japan during the war and those who continued their studies in the aftermath of WWII eventually settled down in Japan. Among those who returned to Taiwan, some suffered persecuted and rarely did they get important positions in the government. These post-war developments revealed that the left-wing inclination among Taiwanese students in Japan was one of the main reasons why Taiwan lost many local elites. This article focuses mainly on tracing the emergence of left-wing views among the overseas Taiwanese in Japan. Future studies will explore the development of left-wing thinking in individual students and the effects of the drain of local elites.