Canada: Disparities in Recognition of Different Rights

加拿大經驗：不同權利的差異對待

In this paper, I will first briefly describe the domestic mechanisms for protecting human rights in Canada in order to provide context for the discussion of the role of international human rights. The next section will describe the influence of international norms on the development and recognition of civil and political rights in Canada with a focus on the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR). The section that follows will document the relative inaction in implementing economic, social and cultural rights and the general lack of influence of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). Finally, I will speculate about the reasons for this disparity.

本文首先簡述加拿大國內的人權法律機制，以便在討論國際人權的角色時提供論述脈絡。其次探討國際人權規範對於加拿大公民與政治權利的肯認與發展有何影響，特別著重於《公民與政治權利國際公約》。接下來，則是討論加拿大在落實經濟、社會與文化權利上著力較少，而且整體而言《經濟社會文化權利國際公約》的影響力也較低，最後，筆者就造成這種差異的各種原因闡述個人見解。