女性生氣表達與自尊、人際親密及憂鬱的關係-以北部某科大為例

The Impact of Anger Expression on Women’s Self-esteem%2C Interpersonal Intimacy%2C and Depression in a College Sample in Northern Taiwan

本研究旨在探究女性的生氣表達、自尊、人際親密與憂鬱的關係。參與者為354名就讀於某科技大學的女性。研究工具包括自編的生氣表達量表、柯氏憂鬱量表、自尊量表和人際親密量表。本研究自編之生氣表達量表係依據因素分析法找出女性生氣表達的兩項重要因素，其中「肯定表達」分量表涵蓋在人際情境中能夠肯定表達自己衝突感受和想法的題目，「壓抑表達」則包括在人際情境中壓抑表達自己衝突的感受和想法，或者對於表達感到罪惡感的題目。研究分析採用AMOS進行的徑路分析，以找出女性生氣表達與自尊、人際親密和憂鬱關係的最適切模式。研究發現：（1）「肯定表達」與「壓抑表達」均對「自尊」具有直接效果；（2）生氣表達中的「肯定表達」對「人際親密」具有高而顯著的直接效果，而「壓抑表達」透過「自尊」，也對「人際親密」具有間接效果；（3）生氣表達中的「壓抑表達」對於女性「憂鬱」具有高而顯著的直接效果，「肯定表達」對於「憂鬱」也有低而顯著的直接效果；（4）「自尊」之於生氣表達對「憂鬱」具有部分中介效果。研究者針對生氣表達兩向度與自尊、人際親密和憂鬱的關係作討論，並對本研究限制與未來可能的研究方向進行建議。

he purpose of this study is to explore the impact of women’s anger expression on self-esteem， interpersonal intimacy， and depression. The participants were 354 female college students. Four scales were used in this study: Anger Expression Competency Scale， K’s Depression Scale， Interpersonal Intimacy Scale， and Self-esteem Scale. Two factors that emerged from factor analysis in Anger Expression scale were assertive expression and suppressed expression. Path analyses were conducted with AMOS to identify the most appropriate model of the relationships between women’s anger expression， self-esteem， interpersonal intimacy， and depression. Results of this study were as follows: (a) both “assertive expression” and “suppressed expression” had direct effects on self-esteem; (b)“assertive expression” had strong and significant direct effect on interpersonal intimacy， and“suppressed expression” had indirect effect on interpersonal effect which was mediated via “self-esteem” ; (c)“suppressed expression” had strong and significant direct effect on women’s depression， and“assertive expression” had significant but weak effect on depression; (d) “self-esteem” was a partial mediator between anger expression on women’s depression. Suggestions and limitations for further research are discussed.