發展經濟學思潮與法制變遷－－以台灣公營事業相關法制之變革為例

Development Economics and Legal Reform - The Evolution of the Legal System Regarding State-Owned Enterprises in Taiwan

二次戰後發展經濟學的發展，帶動了以革新第三世界國家之法制爲目的之「法與發展」學門的興起。此一學門之論述，隨著發展經濟學不同時期之主流理論而變遷，影響世界銀行等國際組織有關援助第三世界國家活動的實務運作。本文嘗試整理不同時期發展經濟學之理念，與相應之法制理念之變遷。我國雖非直接受國際組織援助與指導之國家，然而由於我國之財經政策相當受到國際（尤其是美國）的影響，經濟學界亦以美國爲主要之知識來源，因而在財經相關領域之論述，可以看到相應於國際主流論述之發展結構。本文嘗試以公營事業在我國財經法制領域中功能角色之變遷爲例，說明此一變遷之趨勢。本文認爲法學界有必要了解其他學門如何理解與運用法律，而法律學叉如何在此過程中發展，並展現法律體系的主體價值，才能真正理解法律在社會中扮演之角色與意義。

The emergence of development economics after World War II has lead to the rise of the discipline of Law and Development in legal studies This discipline is aimed at facilitating legal reform in the Third World in order to promote economic and social development. The discourse of Law and Development inf1uenced the Third World economic aid and lending practices of international organizations, such as the World Bank and IMF. This article attempts to summarize the key ideas of development economics and the evolution of legal concepts which reflect the influence of development economics. Taiwan has not received direct assistance or guidance from international organizations during the history of its economic development. However, Taiwan's economic development policies and its legal system for economic development have been heavily inf1uenced by international pressure, especially from the United States. The majority of Taiwan's economists were trained in America and rely on American economic theory as their frame of reference. Therefore, we can observe a disciplines evaluate and utilize law in their professional discourses and how legal systems can develop and assert the value of rule of law within the process of development.