國際會計準則對盈餘管理的影響--以新十號公報為例

The Impact of Convergence to IFRSs on Earnings Management--From Revised SFAS No.10

為提升國際競爭力、降低海外投資成本及世界接軌等目標下，我國預定於 2013年全面改依全球共通之國際會計準則，做為企業編製財務報表之規範。希望新公報能反映企業存貨真實狀況，提升財務報表的透明度，使財務報表之表達更為公平客觀。為配合與國際接軌，我國於 2007年進行修正十號存貨公報，並於 2009年強制上市櫃企業適用之。本文以 2008年及 2009年新舊存貨公報施行之前後年度為研究期間，利用迴歸分析，觀測企業是否存在盈餘管理行為，新存貨公報之實施是否能減緩管理當局的損益操弄。\r實證結果發現，研究期間上市櫃公司確實存在盈餘管理行為，特別是公司存在洗大澡之誘因時。其次，企業聘任之會計師為前四大會計師事務所時，較能如實反映企業應提列之存貨跌價損失。而新存貨公報之實行，除了讓績效極端佳的企業，其報表能反映經濟的變動情形並公允客觀的表達外，並具有減緩績效極端差的企業進行洗大澡行為；此外對於原淨利率為小額盈餘的公司，產生抑制盈餘管理的現象。

In order to enhance international competitiveness， reduce oversea investment cost， and converge with IFRS， Taiwan plans to mandate the enterprises preparing the financial statements fully complying with globally common IFRS in 2013. The objective is more impartial and objective presentation of financial statements， with the new accounting standards that can reflect the actual situation of business inventories and improve the transparency of financial statements. To comply with international standards， Taiwan revised SFAS No. 10 in 2007， and further mandated the conformance for the listed corporations in 2009. In this paper， the study periods were set to be 2008 and 2009， the years before and after the revised SFAS No.10 inventory bulletin. OLS regression analysis was implemented to observe if there is earning management behavior by the corporation， also whether the revised SFAS could lessen profit manipulation from the administrative of the corporation. Empirical results showed that earning management behaviors in fact existed among the listed corporations during the study period; especially when there were incentives for the income taking a big bath. Secondly， better truthfully reflection for the inventory valuation loss was presented， if the certified public accountant （CPA）of the corporation belongs to the big 4 accounting firms. The implementation of revised SFAS No.10 indeed not only makes the best performance enterprises appropriate response to the changes in economy timely， but also mitigates the worst performance corporations to take a “big bath＂. Furthermore， it impedes the original small positive earnings corporations to reduce earnings management.