台灣鄉土鳥類在水墨畫中的現代意識

本文書寫的內容以台灣鄉土鳥類出現在台灣彩墨畫家筆下為主要範疇，並舉出故宮展出的花鳥名畫為研究參考，融合水墨創作者的觀點和野鳥觀察者的立場，筆者在這篇文章中帶入實際野外觀鳥活動的所見所聞，野鳥育雛觀察紀錄及野鳥救傷工作時被感動的場景，來書寫畫家和鳥類之間的互動。畫中鳥類包括出現在台灣本地的留鳥、迷鳥、候鳥、冬候鳥、夏候鳥以及過境鳥等，內容共分四個部分，每個部份的題名援引相關的詩句來增加文學的色彩。一、才聞南陌又東城－談鳥類的觀察與寫生:筆者以賞鳥人的立場，帶入實際野外觀鳥活動的見聞和生態場景，寫生和收集資料是作畫的基礎，而其目的不在工整的寫實，而是寫對象物的神態與生命方能得其神韻。二、鳥啼知四時－鳥類繪畫中的象徵：在中國的文化裡，能自由飛翔的鳥類，依其外型、名稱和習性等，常被冠以各種象徵意涵。三、人能忘機鳥作伴－花鳥畫的寄情與造境：畫家引介靈羽抒發其胸中丘墊，再現視覺經驗或心中感受。四、秋雁又南迴－花鳥畫中的關懷與呼籲：書寫鳴鳩拂羽樹林間，鳩鴿科的生態觀察與描繪；似曾相識燕歸來中「物亦有情」的深刻感觸；冬季候鳥南迴的賞析與遭遇中，人與鳥的互動。

The research focuses on Taiwanese birds painted by Taiwanese artists of ink and color painting. In addition, the research gives examples of several famous flower-and-bird paintings exhibited in the National Palace Museum. Birds painted in these famous paintings include residents, stragglers ， visitors, winter visitors, summer visitors, and passengers. Take a look at these lifelike birds and see how artists capture them into paintings and depict their appearances to reflect spirits as well as frames of mind as a way to present a spiritual aroma and dynamic postures. It is an issue being discussed for more than one thousand years. There are always flower-and-bird painters constantly try hard to achieve the goal. The research is divided into four sections. Every section has a title which quoted from Chinese poems to create a literary atmosphere. The four sections are as follows: 1. Birds' singing can be heard everywhere in the wild: on the observation and paintings of birds. In this part， I, a painter and a bird watcher, incorporate my bird-watching experiences in the wild and ecological environment to present an idea that drawing from Nature and collecting materials are the foundation of painting. Rather than absolutely realistic paintings, the goal is to capture the essence and spirits of the painted objects to present the verve and express the various feelings after observation. 2. Bird's singing announces the change of seasons: symbols in bird paintings. In Chinese culture, birds which can fly freely are often used to represent various symbols and meanings in accordance with their appearances, names, and habitual behaviors. 3. Birds accompany people who are contented with a simple life: the emotional expression and scene creation in flower-and-bird paintings. Painters use the image of birds to express their ideas and re-present visual experiences or feelings. 4. Birds fly down to the south again: care and appeal in flower-and-bird paintings. In this section, I depict my observations on doves and pigeons. Also, I describe my deep feelings about the truth that every being has affection. In addition, I write about the interaction between human beings and birds when I watch wintervisitors which fly down to the south.