臺灣地區僱用外籍漁業勞工有關問題與勞工管理政策之探討

An Empirical Study of Employment of Foreign Fishing Crews on Fisheries and Labor Management Practices in Taiwan

本文旨在探討臺灣地區僱用外籍漁業勞工問題與勞工管理政策，藉由回顧漁工管理相關文獻以設計問卷，接著進行問卷調查；並與主要外籍漁工仲介管理業者及漁船船主就調查結果進行深入訪談。回收問卷答覆乃以重要性－滿意度 (Importance-Performance Analysis， IPA) 模型進行分析，分別探討船長、漁工對各項影響漁工管理績效之因素的重要程度及滿意度。依照IPA 調查結果，得知提供完整的申訴管道及設立諮商中心是船長與漁工共同認為需要優先改善的兩項管理屬性。另就船長所回覆問卷結果落於優先改善區之管理屬性所進行之事後訪談，得知有下列兩項管理屬性急需漁政單位投入資源加以改善：(1) 建立完整確實的外籍船員動態管理資訊系統，以利船長瞭解漁工歷年工作表現：(2) 在港口邊設置資訊站，以利船長及漁船船主隨時能就近使用該資訊平臺申請聘僱外籍漁工。

The objective of this study is to investigate the employment of foreign fishing crews on fisheries and labor management practices in Taiwan. This research firstly reviews previous studies on fishing crew management. A questionnaire survey was conducted based on a five points Liker Scale. Face-to-face interviews are carried out with several crew employment agencies and fishing boat owners. An Importance-Performance Analysis (IPA) framework was used to analyze twelve crew management attributes based on the perception of boat captains' and boat crews' viewpoints. Research results indicated that the availability of a wellfacilitated
foreign fishery seafarers counseling center with multilingual counselors in the dockside to facilitate a negotiation and appeal channel between fishing boat owners and their foreign fishing crew are perceived as the most important management attributes to be improved by both the boat captain and the boat crew. In addition, this study found the service attributes in the 'concentrate here' quadrant to be improved from boat captains' survey include to establish a complete and dynamic management information system of the foreign crew in every fishery port's administration agency office to help boat captains have the access to the track record of their boat crews' past job performance, as well as provision of quayside information station to help boat captains and boat owners apply and recruit foreign crews for their boats.